Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

303 Lectures > New pain management > Flashcards

New pain management Flashcards

1
Q

RAT system

A

Recognise

Assess

Treat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Inflammatory pain presentation

A

Throbbing, aching, localised to affected area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Inflammatory pain treatment

A

NSAIDs

Paracetamol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Nociceptive- somatic pain presentation

A

Sharp pain and localised to affected area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Nociceptive- somatic pain treatment

A

NSAIDs

Paracetamol

Opioids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Nociceptive- visceral pain presentation

A

Deep, aching, poorly localised, cramping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Nociceptive- visceral pain treatment

A

NSAIDs

Paracetamol

Opioids

Neuropathic agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Neuropathic pain presentation

A

Shooting, burning, hypersensitive, tingling, numbing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Neuropathic pain treatment

A

Neuropathic agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Acute pain

A

Warning sign of injury
- following injury to body

Well defined onset
- no longer than 6 months

Responds well to treatment
- should be treated promptly and stepped up readily

Generally produces anxiety

Often associated with physical signs
- tachypnoea, tachycardia, decreased immunity, well-being

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Chronic pain

A

Persists behond expected healing time

May or may not have defined onset

Often difficult to treat

Can have physiological element

Pain signals active in nervous system for weeks, months or years

Progressive physical deterioration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Acute pain management

A

Responds well to conventional analgesics
- paracetamol, NSAIDs, opioids

Non-pharmacological treatments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Chronic pain management

A

Neuropathic agents

Doesn’t respond well to opioids

Psychological therapies

Pain education

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Classification of analgesics

A

Simple

Opioids

Neuropathic agents

Miscellaneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Simple analgesics

A

NSAIDs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Opioid analgesics

A

Weak/ strong opioids

17
Q

Neuropathic agents

A

Anticonvulsants
- gabapentin, pregabalin, carbamazepine

Antidepressants
- amitriptyline, duloxetine

18
Q

Miscellaneous analgesics

A

Triptans

Anaesthetic agent

19
Q

Paracetamol

A

1g QDS PO/IV

If <50kg 500mg QDS

20
Q

NSAIDs

A

Ibuprofen 400mg TDS PO

Naproxen 250-500mg BD PO

21
Q

Adverse effects of NSAIDs

A

Renal- prostanoid inhibition

Reduced/ increase platelet aggregation

Reyes syndrome in children

GI side effects

Drug interactions

Hypersensitivity and cross reactivity

22
Q

Renal protanoid inhibition

A

Decreased renal blood flow, imbalance in vasodilation mechanism leading to ischaemia

Water/ sodium retention

23
Q

Reduced/ increase platelet aggregation

A

Aspirin antiplatelet

NSAIDs and COX-2 thromboembolic

24
Q

Reyes syndrome

A

Encephalopathy in children

25
Q

GI side effects of NSAIDs

A

Due to inhibition of COX1 of prostaglandins

Decreased blood flow, decreased mucous production, increase acid production

Duration of therapy not good predictor

26
Q

Weak opioids

A

Used for: moderate pain and anti-diarrhoeal properties

Dihydrocodeine first line weak opioid- metabolite likely to accumulate

27
Q

Strong opioids

A

Used for: effective for moderate to severe acute pain

Usual suspects: morphine, oxycodone, fentanyl

28
Q

Opioid prescribing

A

No variable doses or routes of administration on the regular side of the drug chart

No weak opioids plus strong opioids

No systemic opioids with PCA/ epidurals

29
Q

Adverse effects of opioids

A

Respiratory depression
- caution elderly patients, COPD, always prescribe prn naloxone 100mcg iv/im

Constipation

  • inhibition of peristalsis, increae tone of anal sphincter and reduces the reflex relaxation response to rectal distension
  • stimulant laxatives e.g. senna

Nausea and vomiting

Sedation

Pruritis

30
Q

Nefopam

A

Non opioid and non NSAID

Mechanism not fully understood, thought to affect serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline reuptake and glutamine release

Side effects: nausea, dizziness, urinary retention, dry mouth

Can turn urine pink

Contra-indicated in convulsive disorders

31
Q

Gabapentin

A

Neuropathic analgesic, used ‘off-label’ in acute post operative pain

Mechanism of action for pain not fully understood

Acts on voltage gated Ca2+ channels, blocking neuronal Ca2+ influx and decreasing glutamate release

Opioid sparing- reduces problematic side effects of opioids (nausea and constipation)

303 Lectures (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions