New Materials Flashcards

1
Q

What is Nitinol?

A

A metal alloy of half nickel and half titanium

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2
Q

Nitinol is referred to as what?

A

A shape memory alloy

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3
Q

What can you do with Nitinol when it’s cool?

A

Bend it and twist it like rubber

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4
Q

How can Nitinol go back to its ‘remembered shape’ when bent too far?

A

If heated above a certain temperature

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5
Q

Why is Nitinol used in the frames of glasses?

A

If accidentally bent too far , it can go back to it’s original shape when put in a bowl of hot water

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6
Q

Why is Nitinol used in dental braces?

A

In the mouth it warms and tries to return to a ‘remembered shape ‘ gently pulling the teeth with it

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7
Q

Smart materials behave differently depending on….

A

The conditions,such as temperature

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8
Q

Really tiny particles ,1-100 nanometers across , are known as what?

A

Nanoparticles

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9
Q

Nanoparticles contain roughly how many atoms?

A

A few hundred

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10
Q

Nanoparticles include what?

A

Fullerenes

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11
Q

What are fullerenes?

A

Molecules of carbon, shaped like hollow balls or closed tubes

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12
Q

How are the carbon atoms arranged in fullerenes?

A

Hexagonal rings

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13
Q

Fullerenes can be formed together to form what?

A

Nanotubes-tiny hollow carbon tubes , a few nanometers across

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14
Q

Why are nanotubes strong?

A

Due to covalent bonds. They’re used to reinforce graphite

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15
Q

Why could nano materials help make new industrial catalysts?

A

They have a huge surface area to volume ratio

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16
Q

What can nanotubes be used to make?

A

Stronger, lighter building materials

17
Q

What can Nanoparticles be used for?

A

To detect one type of molecule and nothing else. Highly specific sensors are already being used to test water purity

18
Q

Why are Nanoparticles being used for sun cream and deodorant?

A

The small particles don’t leave white marks

19
Q

Why could fullerenes be used in ‘nano medicine’ ?

A

They are absorbed more easily than most particles. Could be used to deliver drugs right to cells were they’re needed

20
Q

Lubricant coatings are being developed using fullerenes why?

A

Reduce friction, could be used in artificial joints and gears

21
Q

Nanotubes conduct electricity. What could they be used for?

A

Tiny electric circuits in computer chips