New Material Flashcards
Narcotic + anticholinergic =
Slows peristalsis
Anticholinergics
Dilate pupils, decrease gi motility
More localized effect
Encourage fibers and fluids
Antidote for cholinergic poisoning
Atropine
Rapid acting
Onset: 5-15 min
Peak: 1-3 hours
Duration: 2-5 hours
Short acting
Onset: 10 min- 1 hour
Peak: 2.5-5 hours
Duration: 6-8 hours
Intermediate acting
Onset: 1-2 hours
Peak: 6-12 hours
Duration:18-24 hours
Long-acting combos
Onset: 3-4 hours
Peak: 6-8 hours
Duration: 24 hours
Psychotherapeutic that is addicting and has cross tolerance
Antianxiety
Ex: alcohol
Hallucinations
No stimulus
Ex: visual
Delusions
Fixed, false belief
Ex: worms
Psychotic break
Acute, too much too fast emotionally
Antiparkinsons
Used to treat side effects of anti-psychotics
Antidepressants
Changes in sleep, appetite, decrease energy level
Anticholinergic, arrhythmias, hypotension, sedation, weight gain
Take 3-4 weeks for meds to work
Antimanic
Racing thoughts
Difficulty with impulse control
Antipsychotic
Effect dopamine and serotonin levels
Organize thinking
Diminish intensity of psychotic process
Atypical
Less side effects
Typical
Older, more side effects
Long acting help with
Med noncompliance
Side effects of antipsychotics
Anticholinergic
Lactation, constipation, photosensitivity
Treat with ice chips, and sugarless gum
Common in typical drugs
Extrapyramidal symptoms (eps)
Dystonia
Involuntary pulling of muscle
Ratchet like reaction
Cog wheeling***
Rigidity
Akasthesia
Usually middle aged women
Restlessness and fidgeting
Pseudoparkinsons
Elderly more at risk
Shuffling, mask face
Drooling, arms at sides
Tardive dyskinesia
Irreversible AIMS scale Rapid eye blinking Puffing, lip pursing Vermiform movements (worm-like)
Call immediately for all EPS symptoms except
Tardive dyskinesia
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Rigidity, high fever, unstable bp, diaphoresis, pallor, delirium, elevated enzymes, weight gain
Long half life
Concerns related to Clozaril
Decreased WBC’s
Weekly blood monitoring
Antidepressants interact with three neurotransmitters
Serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine
Desyrl
Sleep med
MAO antidepressants
Older Inhibit enzyme Interact with Tyramine SE: cva, coma, red face Avoid aged foods
SSRI
Most common
More at risk for suicide when first start taking
Give after noon
SE: anxiety, agitation
Treat Antimanic with
Lithium
Lithium
Salt that competes for salt receptor sites
Narrow therapeutic window 0.5-1.5 ❗️
7-10 days before level is therapeutic
Antipsychotic given until then
Sodium increases
Lithium decreases
Toxic levels of lithium mimic
Flu symptoms
If lithium level 1.5
Hold lithium
Notify physician
Push fluids
Antianxiety drugs
Addicting!
Decrease anxiety, insomnia, OCD, depression, PTSD, alcohol withdrawal
Benzodiapines potentiate effects of alcohol
Euphoria, sedative effect
Indirect Acting Cholinergic agonists
Act on enzyme not receptor
Treat glaucoma
Treat myo. gravis
