New Immune Therapies

Question 1

What is the function of paracetamol?

Answer 1

inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, minimal effect on inflammation

Question 2

What is the function of ibuprofen/aspirin?

Answer 2

inhibits COX-1 and 2
reduces prostaglandins to reduce ;Ian and inflammation
LONG TERM USE CAN CAUSE SIDE EFFECTS - gastric distress

Question 3

What are glucocorticoids?

Answer 3

-drugs which mimic the body’s natural hormones to reduce inflammation
-derived from cholesterol and secreted by adrenal gland
-anti inflammatory drug

Question 4

What are the side effects of glucocorticoid therapy?

Answer 4

• adrenal insufficiency
• gastric issues
• prolonged immunosuppression
• secondary inflammation

Question 5

What is monoclonal antibody therapy?

Answer 5

synthetic immunoglobulin raised against specific receptors or soluble factors

Question 6

What are Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cells?

Answer 6

when patients T cells are modified to attack cancer cells
engineers a specific T cell receptor with high affinity for a cancer antigen

Question 7

Describe the process of making CAR T cells:

Answer 7

1) remove blood from patient to get T cells
2) make CAR T cells in the lab
3) grow millions of car T cells
4) infuse them into patient
5) car T cells bind to cancer cells and kill them

Question 8

Why are CD4 CAR T cells (CAR4 T cells) important?

Answer 8

they express a chimeric T cell receptor specific for HIV
they suppress his replication and eliminate virus infected cells

Question 9

What are the limitations of CAR T cells?

Answer 9

1) toxic response to car t cells
2) not good at targeting solid tumours
3) antigen escape

Question 10

What is tumour infiltrating lymphocyte therapy?

Answer 10

-isolate and expand T cells which have already naturally infiltrated into tumour tissue
-used for melanoma, lung cancer and neck squamous cell malignancies