New & Emerging Technologies Flashcards
What is enterprise?
The ability to utilise and identify business opportunities.
What is crowdfunding?
The practice of funding a project or venture by raising money from a large number of people
What are cooperative bussiness?
It is a business that is owned or un by its workers or members - an example is Nationwide Building Society
Fair trade
This ensures that farmers in low-income countries get a fair price for their produce. Along with improve conditions
Advantages of automation and robotics:
- Increased efficiency and productivity
- fewer errors and greater accuracy
- limited human input, reducing labour costs
- the ability to perform dangerous jobs
Disadvantages of automation and robotics
- expensive to set up and maintain
- replaces human jobs
- no human judgment
- requires high - skilled workers
Examples of CAD
Computer aided design:
- 2D design
- OnShape
- AutoCAD
Examples of CAM
Computer aided manufacturing:
- Laser cutters
- 3D printers
Advantages of CAD
- More accurate than hand drawings
- offers view of 3D models from all angles
- Allows several designers to work on it at once
- Allows designs to be tested before production
Disadvantages of CAD
- Can requite large amounts of memory
- Difficult to learn
- Expensive software
Advantages of CAM
- High level of accuracy
- Increases speed of production
- Products can be manufactured directly from CAD
- Can operate 24 hours a day
Disadvantages of CAM
- Replaces human work force
- Expensive equipment
- Requires maintenance
What is flexible manufacturing
(FMS) is a production method that is designed to easily adapt to changes in the type and quantity of the product being manufactured. A CNC (computer numerical control) is used to keep the product accurate.
What is JIT?
Just in time manufacturing is an example of lean manufacturing. It is where stock arrives just as the old stock runs out.
What is lean manufacturing?
Lean manufacturing aims to fave money and resources, reduce waste and improve efficiency.
Advantages of JIT?
- By minimising stock levels, JIT reduces costs and limits need for warehouse space.
- Reduces the risk of losing money through stolen or damaged stock
- Stock is less likely to go out of date
- Decreases the time between ordering stock and selling the finished product - helping cash flow.
Disadvantages of JIT?
- Lost economies of scale due to ordering in small amounts
- Lack if stock if the supplier is late or if mistakes occur
- Increased transport costs
- Little room for production mistakes
What are the stages of the life cycle assessment?
1) Extracting, producing and processing raw materials
2) Manufacturing
3) Distribution and packaging
4) Use
5) Disposal
What is continuous improvement?
Companies making small improvements to their products or production to make them mote efficient or productive.
Give 3 examples of Honda’s Green Path
- Building two onsite wind turbines in Ohio. Which power 1,000 homes a year
- Helping to design the Auto-Max rail car to allow more vehicles to be transported at once
- Implementing the Honda Environmental Leadership Program to help dealers reduce CO² emissions to 0
These have helped Honda reduce its energy per auto by 14% over 10 years.
What is efficient working?
This involves making the best use of available resources to save energy and money and to minimise damage to environment. This could be by using new technology or employing a specialist consultant.
What does sustainability involve?
Meeting the needs of the presents without comprising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
What are finite resources?
These are non-renewable resources. They can not be replenished as fast as they are consumed.
Examples are: fossil fuels
What are non-finite resources?
They are renewable. They can be replenished as fast as they are consumed.
Examples: wind, timber
What are the six R’s
-Reduce
-Reuse
-Recycle
-Refuse
-Rethink
-Repair
What is market pull?
When new product development is driven by changing consumer demands and requirements.
Example: reusable coffee cups
