New Deal facts Flashcards
What were the aims of the National Industry Recovery Act in 1933?
To foster co-operation between the different sides of the industry.
Agreeing on production levels, working hours, wage rates and trade union rights.
What were the successes of the National Industry Recovery Act?
Abolish child labour.
Allowed workers to organise trade unions and take part in collective bargaining.
Over 2 million employers signed up, covering over 23 million workers.
What were the limitations of the National Industry Recovery Act?
It was optional and some employer (Henry Ford) didn’t sign up to the plan.
Often ignored black people.
It was deemed unconstitutional in 1935.
Why was the Wagner Act/NLRA significant?
It was the first law to recognise rights of workers in collective bargaining.
It established the right to join a union.
Union membership surged from 3.7 million to 9 million from 1933 to 1938.
It protected workers from discrimination against union members from employers.
It benefitted women, by the end of the 30s 800,000 women belonged to unions.
Labour Relations Board was set up, it was someone to complain to and enforce laws.
What were the limitations of the New Deal?
Position of women hadn’t improved. Even though a minimum wage was set there was still a pay gap.
AAs and Mexicans faced discrimination.
Still disputes between employers and workers.
Still divisions in the workforce - AFL still excluded unskilled workers.
What was the CIO?
John Lewis broke away from the AFL in 1935 and formed the CIO - Congress of Industrial Organisations.
It organised labour and gathered 3.7 million members. Became quite militant and organised ‘sit-ins’. This tactic was effective in gaining union recognition from manufacturers.
