New Deal

Question 1

What were the hundred days?

Answer 1

4th of March - 16th of June,

FDR’s government passed a lot of laws designed to deal with the Depression

Question 2

What were the fireside chats?

Answer 2

These were radio broadcasts by FDR in which he reassured people the government was working on ending the depression,
60 million listeners

Question 3

What was the first measure passed by FDR?

Answer 3

The Emergency Banking Act, in which all the banks were closed for 4 days, 5000 were opened, all of which could be trusted with the publics money,
This encouraged people to reuse the banks and injected money into the economy

Question 4

How did FDR fix the stock markets on Wall Street?

Answer 4

He passed the Securities Act which forced companies to provide information about their company along side each share

Question 5

How did he attempt to solve the agricultural problem?

Answer 5

He paid farmers not to produce as much to solve overproduction.
The Agricultural Adjustment Act allowed the government to destroy surplus and control pricing

Question 6

How did he help the homeless?

Answer 6

He created the CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps) to create jobs for young men.
The Federal Emergency Relief Administration was set up to give grants to the needy and unemployed

Question 7

How did he help industry?

Answer 7

NRA created industry and government connection, government would award companies that paid fair wages with blue eagle and government contracts.
PWA used unemployed skilled workers on large construction projects and allowed works to form unions

Question 8

How did he help home owners?

Answer 8

The HLC gave loans to those who couldn’t afford their mortgage payments and were threatened with eviction

Question 9

In which region was FDR particularly affective in helping?

Answer 9

In Tennessee the TVA was set up to build dams, this provided lots of jobs in the area, helped with irrigation and flood control and provided the area with electricity

Question 10

What was the AAA?

Answer 10

The Agricultural Adjustment Administration

Gave money to prevent overproduction and caused farmers incomes to rise

Question 11

What was the TVA?

Answer 11

The Tennessee Valley Authority, built dams in Tennessee to bring industry and electricity to the very poor area,
However had a poor record of employing black Americans

Question 12

What was the NRA?

Answer 12

The National Recovery Administration,
Included the PWA.
If business met wage and working conditions standards they could display a Blue Eagle

Question 13

What was the PWA?

Answer 13

The Public Works Administration offered jobs for large scale construction projects,
Allowed workers to form unions to demand better wages

Question 14

What was the CCC?

Answer 14

The Civilian Conservation Corps, provided work for young men, mainly work in the country side

Question 15

How many people did the CCC help? How many were woman?

Answer 15

It helped 2 million people but only 8,000 were women

Question 16

What did the banking relief act do?

Answer 16

The Emergency Banking Relief Act closed all banks for 4 days and then only opened those that could be trusted with the publics money,
They also invested in the stock market to try and help that recover

Question 17

What was FERA?

Answer 17

The Federal Emergency Relief Agency, they gave immediate financial relief to the poorest victims

Question 18

What was the HOLC?

Answer 18

The Home Owners Loan Corporation,

Gave loans to new families who couldn’t afford to maintain their mortgage payments and were threatened with eviction

Question 19

What was the WPA?

Answer 19

The Works Progress Administration,
Introduced in 1935 as part of a second new deal,
It continued the work of the PWA,
Over 8 years it helped 8 million people find emergency short term employment

Question 20

By 1936 who began to challenge the new deal?

Answer 20

The Supreme Court believed he was doing too much,

Radical opponents claimed he wasn’t doing enough

Question 21

How did FDR respond to criticisms of the new deal in 1935?

Answer 21

He introduced a second New Deal with such agencies as the WPA

Question 22

What did the Supreme Court say some agencies were and which agencies did they believe were?

Answer 22

They declared the PWA and the AAA were unconstitutional,

The PWA as they were interfering with state’s rights

Question 23

How did FDR attempt to make the New Deal even more radical?

Answer 23

By introducing the Social Securities Act

Question 24

What did the Social Securities Act do?

Answer 24

It provided old age pensions, unemployment benefits and financial support for the handicapped

Question 25

What happened following FDR winning a second term in office?

Answer 25

Although he won by a landslide his term was remembered by quarrels with the Supreme Court, increased opposition and a return to Depression

Question 26

When did FDR become US president?

Answer 26

March 4th 1933

Question 27

In what way can it be argued the new deal was a success?

Answer 27

Roosevelt restored confidence in the American people.
Millions of people were given work in government projects.
A lot of valuable work was carried out by the in building schools, roads and hospitals.
Roosevelt rescued the banking system from collapse and saved capitalism.

Question 28

In what way can it be argued the new deal was a failure?

Answer 28

There was a new recession - the ‘Roosevelt recession’ in 1937.
Unemployment was not conquered by the New Deal.
Many of the jobs created by the New Deal were only temporary.
The New Deal was the most costly government programme in American history and some of its projects could be accused of wasting money.