New Art Vocabulary June 1 Flashcards
type of Greek pottery that originated in Corinth c. 700 BCE and continued to be popular until the advent of red-figure pottery c. 530 BCE. In black-figure painting, figures and ornamentation were drawn on the natural clay surface of a vase in glossy black pigment; the finishing details were incised into the black.
black figure vase painting:
is a style of Greek vase painting that was invented in Athens around 530 BCE. The style is characterized by drawn red figures and a painted black background.
red figure vase painting
At the top center is a wake scene in which the deceased is shown lying down surrounded by mourners some of whom have their arms raised in gestures of grief. A wake scene like this
Prothesis
In classical architecture, a colonnade all around the cella and its porch(es). A peripteral colonnade consists of a single row of columns on all sides; a dipteral colonnade has a double row all around.
Peristyle
The uppermost course of the platform of a classical Greek temple, which supports the columns.
Stylobate
The uppermost member of a column, serving as a transition from the shaft to the lintel. In classical architecture, the form of the capital varies with the order
Capital
the part of a building above the columns and below the roof. The entablature has three parts: architrave, frieze, and pedi-ment.
Entablature
the square panel between the triglyphs in a Doric frieze, often sculpted in relief.
Metope
The so-called golden age of Athenian culture flourished under the leadership of Pericles (495-429 B.C.), a brilliant general, orator, patron of the arts and politician—”the first citizen” of democratic Athens, according to the historian Thucydides. Pericles transformed his city’s alliances into an empire and graced its Acropolis with the famous Parthenon. His policies and strategies also set the stage for the devastating Peloponnesian War, which would embroil all Greece in the decades following his death.
Pericles
A triple projecting, grooved member of a Doric frieze that alternates with metopes.
Triglyph
frieze is an ornamental band of decoration, or a heavy wool cloth that is shaggy and has an uncut nap.
Frieze
In classical architecture, the triangular space (gable) at the end of a building, formed by the ends of the sloping roof above the colonnade; also, an ornamental feature having this shape.
Pediment
The convex profile (an apparent swelling) in the shaft of a column.
Entasis
A spiral, scroll-like form characteristic of the ancient Greek Ionic and the Roman Composite capital.
Volute
The uppermost portion of the capital of a column, usually a thin slab
Abacus
The convex element of a capital directly below the abacus.
Echinus
A female figure that functions as a supporting column. See also atlantid.
Carytid
(492–449 BCE), a series of wars fought by Greek states and Persia over a period of almost half a century. The fighting was most intense during two invasions that Persia launched against mainland Greece between 490 and 479. Although the Persian empire was at the peak of its strength, the collective defense mounted by the Greeks overcame seemingly impossible odds and even succeeded in liberating Greek city-states on the fringe of Persia itself. The Greek triumph ensured the survival of Greek culture and political structures long after the demise of the Persian empire.
Persian War
a porous limestone formed from calcium carbonate deposited by springs or the like.
Tufa
in architecture, decorative pedestal for an ornament or statue placed atop the pediment of a Greek temple; the term has also been extended to refer to the statue or ornament that stands on the pedestal. Originally a petal-shaped ornament with incised pattern, such as the honeysuckle, was placed on the ridge and at the eaves at either side of the pediment. Later this ornamentation was developed into groups of statuary, as at the Temple of Apollo (420 BC) on the island of Delos; the crowning group is dominated by Eos, the dawn, being lifted up by the handsome god Cephalus. At first, acroteria were made of terra-cotta, as were the roof tiles; later they were made of stone.
Acroteria
an image or representation especially of a person especially : a crude figure representing a hated person.
Effigy
a stone coffin, typically adorned with a sculpture or inscription and associated with the ancient civilizations of Egypt, Rome, and Greece.
Sarcofigus
a small platform on which a person may stand to be seen by an audience, as when making a speech or conducting an orchestra
Podium
an arch formed in a continuous curve; characteristic of Roman architecture. arch - (architecture) a masonry construction (usually curved) for spanning an opening and supporting the weight above it.
Rounded Arch
A wedge-shaped stone block used in the construction of a true arch.
voussoir
The central voussoir, which sets the arch
keystone
a level area surrounded by seats for spectators, in which sports, entertainments, and other public events are held.
Arena
Latin, “eye.” The round central opening of a dome. Also, a small round window in a Gothic cathedral.
Oculus
A sunken panel, often ornamental, in a vault or a ceiling
Coffer
A Roman private house.
Domus
A recess, usually semicircular, in the wall of a building, com-monly found at the east end of a church.
Apse
The central area of an ancient Roman basilica or of a church, demarcated from aisles by piers or columns.
Nave
Also called the tunnel vault, the barrel vault is an extension of a simple arch, creating a semicylindrical ceiling over parallel walls. Pre-Roman builders constructed barrel vaults using traditional ashlar masonry (fig. 2-24), but those earlier vaults were less stable than concrete barrel vaults. As with arches (fig. 6-15), if even a single block of a cut-stone vault comes loose, the whole vault may collapse.
Using concrete, Roman builders could place windows at any point in a barrel vault, because once the concrete hardens, it forms a seamless sheet of “artificial stone” in which the openings do not lessen the vault’s structural integrity. Whether made of stone or concrete, barrel vaults require buttressing (lateral support) of the walls below the vaults to counteract their downward and outward thrust
Barrel Vault
(or cross) vault is formed by the inter - section at right angles of two barrel vaults of equal size. Besides appearing lighter than the barrel vault.
needs less buttressing. Whereas the barrel vault’s thrust is continuous along the entire length of the supporting wall,
thrust is concentrated along the groins, the lines at the juncture of the two barrel vaults. Buttressing is needed only at the points where the groins meet the vault’s vertical supports, usually piers.
vaults as well as barrel vaults using stone blocks,
Groin Vault
In Roman architecture, a multistory apartment house, usually made of brick-faced concrete; also refers to an entire city block.
Insula
a square opening in the roof of the ancient Roman atrium toward which the roof sloped and through which the rain fell into the impluvium.
Compluvium
In a Roman domus, the basin located in the atrium that collected rainwater.
Impluvium
A central room or space in ancient Roman homes, open to the sky in the middle; a similar space in other buildings
Atrium
Herrad’s Hortus deliciarum (Garden of Delights) is a history of the world intended for instructing the nuns under her supervision, but it reached a much wider audience
Hortus
In Roman architecture, a multistory apartment house, usually made of brick-faced concrete; also refers to an entire city block.
Insula
a square opening in the roof of the ancient Roman atrium toward which the roof sloped and through which the rain fell into the impluvium.
Compluvium
In a Roman domus, the basin located in the atrium that collected rainwater.
Impluvium
A central room or space in ancient Roman homes, open to the sky in the middle; a similar space in other buildings
Atrium
Herrad’s Hortus deliciarum (Garden of Delights) is a history of the world intended for instructing the nuns under her supervision, but it reached a much wider audience
Hortus
is a likeness of a person’s face after their death, usually made by taking a cast or impression from the corpse. Death masks may be mementos of the dead, or be used for creation of portraits.
Deathmask
A Roman freeborn landowner.
Patrician
an ancient Greek school of philosophy founded at Athens by Zeno of Citium. The school taught that virtue, the highest good, is based on knowledge; the wise live in harmony with the divine Reason (also identified with Fate and Providence) that governs nature, and are indifferent to the vicissitudes of fortune and to pleasure and pain.
Stoicism
representation of the three-dimensional world on a two-dimensional surface in a manner that creates the illusion that the person, object, or place represented is three-dimensional.
Illusionism
