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New and Emerging Technologies Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the advantages of robot’s carrying out repetitive tasks in factories?

A

-produces products of a consistent high quality at a low product cost
-perform tasks with high speed and precision that make the initial cost worthwhile

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2
Q

What are the disadvantages of robots carrying out repetitive tasks in factories?

A

-expensive to set up
-require a specialist workforce and if the system breaks down it can be extremely costly

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3
Q

What did emerging technology enable in industry’s?

A

Enables products to be made faster and more economically in factories

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4
Q

What does a factory usually consist of ?

A

-buildings housing machinery where workers usually make goods or operate machines turning material into products

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5
Q

Where are modern factories tend to be located?

A

Located near to good road, rail or seaport links in order to get the raw materials in and transport the goods produced out

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6
Q

What do the shops in car manufacturing generally include?

A

-a pressing shop
-an axle shop
-a body shop
-a paint shop
-a plastics shop
-a casting shop

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7
Q

Why are press formers adaptable?

A

Because the die that does cutting can be changed to press different products

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8
Q

What different products can press formers make?

A

Wristwatch cases, stainless steel pans, knives and spoons, door handles and coins

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9
Q

Computers numerically controlled machines can also be adaptable, what are some cnc machines?

A

Lathes , milling machines, plasma cutters and water jet cutters

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10
Q

What a robot arms do ?

A

Many jobs on the production line by being provided with different tools

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11
Q

What tasks can robot arms include ?

A

Welding, spray painting,assembly tasks, pick place tasks, packaging and labelling and product inspection

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12
Q

What is enterprise?

A

A skill where individuals or organisations are prepared to show initiative and take risks in order to

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13
Q

How does new and emerging technologies help with innovation?

A

They allow products or processes to be developed in a completely new or improved way

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14
Q

What is crowdfunding?

A

A method of funding a project by raising money from large numbers of people

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15
Q

What are the different types of crowd funding?

A

-donations - where people give money because they believe in the cause
- equity-where money buys shares in the business
-debt- where the money is loaned and then paid back with interest added

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16
Q

What funding is made possible by the development of the internet and social media?

A

Crowd funding

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17
Q

What is virtual marketing?

A

Marketing techniques in which social networks and websites are used to increase brand awareness

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18
Q

How does virtual marketing increase brand awareness?

A

By getting websites or users to pass on marketing messages to other websites and users: increasing the messages visibility and effect

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19
Q

What challenge is the retail sector facing?

A

Adapting to trends such as showrooming where shoppers visit shops to examine a product before buying it online at a lower price which means consumers go elsewhere to make a purchase

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20
Q

What is a co operative business?

A

A business owned , governed and self managed by its workers

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21
Q

What do do operative have than conventional companies ?

A

Higher productivity although the difference is usually quite small

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22
Q

What do work owned co operatives provide to other companies?

A

Technical support and consulting with communications and computer technology goods and services

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23
Q

What is fair trade ?

A

A movement that aims to achieve fair and better trading conditions and opportunities that promote sustainability for developing countries

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24
Q

Why was fair trade created?

A

To help producers in developing countries

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25
What does fair trade support?
It supports the payment of higher prices to exporters in developing countries to improve social and environmental standards
26
What products does fair trade mainly focus on ?
Products which are typically exported from developing countries to developed countries
27
How has Social media helped with fair trade?
It has enabled organisations to connect with people directly and has encouraged like minded people to support the movement
28
What does sustainability mean?
Meeting present day needs without compromisg the needs of future generations
29
What is a finite resource?
A resource that does not renew itself quickly enough to meet the needs of future generations
30
What are some examples of finite resources?
Coal, oil and natural gas
31
What is hydraulic fracturing used for ?
A new technology designed to extract gas and oil from shale rock
32
Why is hydraulic fracking a controversial method?
Because of concerns regarding environmental impact
33
What are non finite resources?
Resources that can replenish quickly enough to meet our needs
34
What are some examples of non finite resources?
Water and trees
35
What are common renewable energy resources?
Solar geothermal and wind power
36
What can designers do to reduce the environmental impact of using raw materials, how long the product will last and the disposal at the end of its life ?
-use low impact materials -conserving resources by using recycled materials -reducing material usage -designing products that use less or no energy when the product is in use -ensuring a prolonged lifetime -making sure materials and components can be easily recycled and recovered at the end of their lifetime
37
What is an ecological footprint?
The impact of a person or community on the environment; the amount of land needed to supply the natural resources they use
38
What does social footprint mean?
The impact a company or organisation has on people and communities
39
How do companies with good social footprints take care of their workers?
Health and safety, workforce equity, child labour,and wider social issues that affect communities in their supply chains.
40
What are some ways waste can be dealt with?
Landfill , incineration and resource recovery
41
What is the most common way of disposal of waste?
Landfill
42
What is landfill?
Putting waste into the ground and burying it
43
What are some problems with landfill ?
Can cause pollution of the local environment such as groundwater and soo contamination . Methane gas is created from decaying organic waste Affect local wildlife and and noise pollution
44
What is resource recovery?
A process that recovers certain disposed materials for specific use
45
What can be done with the materials taken from resource recovery ?
Some materials can be recycled Some can be composted Some can be used in energy generation
46
What does energy generation and composting reduce?
Landfill
47
What is energy generation often referred as?
Energy recovery
48
What is incineration?
A waste treatment process that involves burning of waste mater
49
What are some concerns with incineration?
About the pollutants in the gas emissions from incinerators including large amounts of co2 being discharged into the atmosphere
50
What is a technology push ?
Where new technology or materials are developed and designers take this as an opportunity to design new products
51
What is often noticed about products developed as a result of technology push?
Consumers didn’t know they wanted it until it was released
52
What is market pull ?
Where users want a product to be improved or redeveloped to meet their needs
53
What is market research analysed in detail?
To identify what needs exist and how existing products can be improved or reinvented to meet those needs
54
What technology has changed in industry’s?
Designers use CAD software to perform tasks that would’ve required pencil and paper before Office workers use computers rather than typewriters More bank clerks use telephones and computers with telephone and interest banking rather than sitting behind a counter in a bank
55
What is computer aided design?
Using computer software to draw design and model on screen
56
What does CAD help with?
It allows designers to draw design and model on screen
57
What is computer aided manufacturing?
Manufacturing products designed by CAD
58
What is CAM resourceful?
CAM can create a faster production process and generally only uses the necessary amount of raw materials
59
What is a flexible manufacturing system ?
A system in which productions is organised into cells of machines performing different tasks
60
What is a computer numerically controlled?
Machine tools that are controlled by a computer
61
What are advantages of FMS ?
Their high flexibility - they can produce different products simultaneously and they can be set up to produce new products quickly and easily saving time and effort
62
What is just in time?
A production method that means materials and components are ordered to arrive and the product assembly point just in time for production
63
What does lean manufacturing mean?
Focusing on reduction of waste when manufacturing
64
What are the advantages of JIT and lean manufacturing?
A reduced need to keep large stockpiles of components and materials Less space needed to keep stocks of components and materials Smaller numbers of finished products to be stored and put into stock Less waste
65
What does planned obsolescence mean?
Planning or designing a product to have a short life span

Design Technology (5 decks)

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