Neurotrauma Flashcards
1
Q
4 indications for intubation in neurotrauma
A
- depressed LOC
- need for hyperventilation
- severe maxilofacial trauma
- need for pharma paralysis
2
Q
parts of quick assess
A
- mini Hx
- GCS
- head and neck
- eyes
- CN
- sphyncter tone
- record and repeat neuro exam
3
Q
5 parts to assess on spine CT xray
A
ABCDS Alignment Bones Cartiledge Disc Soft tissue
4
Q
signs of basal skull
A
- battles
- raccoon
- rhinorrhea/otorrhea
- hemotympanum
5
Q
CN injuries requiring surgery
A
2 - orbit injury
3,4,6 - if herniation secondary to mass
8 - repair of ossicles
6
Q
CN injuries that improve
A
1
3,4,6 - most get better
7 with delayed lesions
8 - vest. symptoms improve over weeks
7
Q
4 types of primary brain injuries
A
- concussion
- coup/contrecoup
- contusion - hematoma
- axonal shearing
8
Q
secondary injury to brain
A
- glutamate release - cytotoxic cascade
- cerebral edema
- intracranial hemmorage
- ischemia/infarct
- raised ICP
9
Q
5 extracranial injuries to brain
A
- hypercarb
- hypoxemia
- hypotension
- hyperpyrexia
- fluid and lyte imbalance
10
Q
3 late complications
A
- seizures
- meningitis
- hydroceph
11
Q
2 types of shock from spinal cord injury
A
- neurogenic
- hypotension that follows SCI
- loss of sympathetic below - spinal shock
- transient loss of all neuro functions below the level
12
Q
major cause of death in SCI
A
aspiration and shock
13
Q
4 main types of spine fractures
A
- compression
- burst - anterior and middle columns retropulsed
- flexion distraciton - hyperflexion of post. elements
- fracture dislocation - anterrior dislocation of vert. bodies
14
Q
def. coma
A
unarousables state with no meaningful response to stim
