Neurotransmitters Info

Question 1

4 sites of acetylcholine

Answer 1

NMJ
Basal ganglia neurons
ANS
Basal Nucelus of Meynert

Question 2

Basal Nucelus of Meynert function

Answer 2

helps cortex with memory function…plays role in alzheimers when ACh is low here

Question 3

is glutamate excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 3

EXCITATORY

Question 4

Where does glutamate function?

Answer 4

everywhere in the CNS

Question 5

is GABA excitatory or inhibtory?

Answer 5

inhibitory

Question 6

where is GABA found?

Answer 6

mainly in interneurons

Question 7

4 GABA functions

Answer 7

sedation, muscle relaxation, cardiovascular/respiratory function and spinal reflexes

Question 8

clinical use of GABA

Answer 8

anxiety treatment

Question 9

is glycine excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 9

inhibitory

Question 10

where does glycine function?

Answer 10

interneurons in CNS, mainly spinal cord

Question 11

glycine clinical use

Answer 11

muscle spasticity

Question 12

other name for serotonin

Answer 12

5-hydroxytryptamine

Question 13

3 locations of serotonin

Answer 13

raphe nuclei in brain stem
pineal gland
limbic center

Question 14

5 functions of serotonin in the limbic center

Answer 14

sleep, pain perception, food intake, mood, temperature

Question 15

enzyme to make catecholamines

Answer 15

tyrosine hydroxylase

Question 16

2 locations of norepinephrine

Answer 16

ANS
Locus Ceruleus (brainstem)

Question 17

Role of Locus Ceruleus with NorEPI

Answer 17

projects to cortex mediating arousal, sttention and anxiety

Question 18

3 locations of dopamine

Answer 18

substantia nigra
brainstem
hypothalamus

Question 19

role of dopamine in substantia nigra

Answer 19

motor control…cause of parkinsons

Question 20

role of dopamine in brainstem

Answer 20

reward center…pleasure reinforcement…addiction

Question 21

High dopamine can cause what mental illness?

Answer 21

schizo

Question 22

role of dopamine in hypothalamus

Answer 22

leads to release of prolactin from pituitary

Question 23

ionotropic receptor definition

Answer 23

attached to an ion channel

Question 24

metabotropic receptor definition

Answer 24

leads to secondary messenger pathways like GPCR

Question 25

what does adenyly cyclase excite?

Answer 25

cAMP

Question 26

What does phospholipase C lead to (2)

and what are two molecules it leads to?

Answer 26

increased intracellular calcium
Protein Kinase C

Inositol phosphoglycerol 3 and DAG

Question 27

what does guanylyl cyclase lead to?

Answer 27

cGMP

Question 28

What does phospholipase A2 do?

Answer 28

arachidonic acid…metabolize

Question 29

another name for ionotropic and metabotropic

Answer 29

nicotinic

muscarinic

Question 30

can glutamate affect ionotropic, metabotropic or both?

Answer 30

BOTH..excitatory

Question 31

can GABA affect ionotropic, metabotropic or both?

Answer 31

BOTH..inhibitory

Question 32

can serotonin affect ionotropic, metabotropic or both? and is it inhib or excite?

Answer 32

BOTH…iontropic is excite and metabo is both inhib and excite

Question 33

can adrenergic affect ionotropic, metabotropic or both?

Answer 33

just metabotropic…can be pre and post synaptic

Question 34

can dopamine affect ionotropic, metabotropic or both? can it be excite or inhib or both?

Answer 34

only metabotropic…both excite and inhib

Question 35

NE receptors and are they inhib or excite?

Answer 35

a1 excite
a2 inhib
b1 excite
b2 inhib

Question 36

serotonin receptors and function

Answer 36

5HT-3…ionotropic excite

5HT1-7…metabotropic…excite and inhib