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Cardiology Week 1 > Autonomic Nervous System > Flashcards

Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

what can the ANS do to muscle that the Somatic cannot?

A

somatic can only excite muscle but the ANS can excite and inhibit

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2
Q

what is unique about chromaffin cells in the ANS?

A

these cells are in the adrenal medulla and are stimulate by the pregang neuron of the ANS…when stimulated they release hormones of NE and Epi into the bloodstream

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3
Q

what do postganglionic neurons have on them and why is this important for the ANS?

A

varicosities which are multiple spots for innervation so can help fine tune and coordinate effects

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4
Q

in parasympathetic division of ANS, the pregang is ___ and the postgang is ____ (long/short)?

A

pregang is long

postgang is short

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5
Q

what is the division of innervation for the parasympathetic?

A

cranio-sacral

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6
Q

what does the cranial portion of parasympathetic control? 4

A

eyes, glands, thoracic organs, and abdominal organs

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7
Q

what does the sacral portion of the parasympathetic control? (1)

A

pelvic organs like bladder repo, rectum

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8
Q

what is the division of innervation for the sympathetic control?

A

thoracic lumbar regions of spinal cord

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9
Q

where do sympathetic/parasymp neurons exit the SC?

A

ventral roots

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10
Q

3 ways sympathetic neurons travel once outside of SC?

A
  1. go to sympathetic chain ganglia
  2. pass through the paravertebral sympathetic trunk and synapse with prevertebral ganglion neurons
  3. get to the adrenal medulla chromaffin cells
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11
Q

where is the paravertebral ganglia?

A

adjacent to the each thoracic or upper lumbar segment of the sympathetic

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12
Q

where is the prevertebral ganglia?

A

in front of the SC or vertebral column for sympathetic division

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13
Q

3 examples of prevertebral ganglia in sympathetic

A

superios mesenteric, inferior mesenteric

and celiac

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14
Q

parasympathetic pre and post neurons secrete what Nts?

A

both secrete ACh

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15
Q

what is the type of receptor on the post gang neuron in the parasympathetic?

A

nicotinic or ionotropic

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16
Q

what is the type of receptor on the target organ in parasympathetic?

A

muscarinic or metabotropic

17
Q

what is the type of receptor on the post gang neuron in the sympathetic?

A

nicotinic or ionotropic

18
Q

what is the type of receptor on the target organ in sympathetic?

A

adrenergic..which is always metabotropic

19
Q

what hormone is released by pregang and postgang in sympathetic?

A

ACh by pre

NE by post

20
Q

sympathetic adrenergic receptor list

A

a1, a2, b1, b2

21
Q

a1 role in cardiac with sympathetic

A

vasoconstriction

22
Q

b1 role in cardiac with sympathetic

A

SA node target and increases the HR

23
Q

b2 role in cardiac with sympathetic

A

vasodilation and bronchodilation

24
Q

a2 role in cardiac with sympathetic and unique thing about

A

vasoconstriction…has negative feedback

25
Q

what is an important aspect of the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

discrete control that allows organs to be regulated separately

26
Q

which of the para or symp innervates blood vessels and skin?

A

the sympathetic

27
Q

in sympathetic division of ANS, the pregang is ___ and the postgang is ____ (long/short)?

A

pre is short

post is long

28
Q

what is special about sweat glands and their invovement in the sympathetic NS?

A

they are innervated by ACh and not Epi even though they are a part of the sympathetic

29
Q

parasympathetic effect on vessels

A

minimal to none

30
Q

sympathetic versus para eye response

A

symp makes them dilate

para makes them constrict

31
Q

steps of an autonomic reflex

A

afferent receptor recognizes issue
travels to integration center
then efferent has effect on tissue
tissue changes provide negative feedback to the afferent receptor

32
Q

name an important autonomic reflex in cardiac system

A

blood pressure

33
Q

where are the baroreceptors for blood pressure located?

A

carotid sinus and aortic arch

34
Q

what makes up the afferent pathway in BP regulation reflex?

A

the cranial nerves

35
Q

what makes up the efferent pathway in BP regulation reflex?

A

ANS para and sympathetic

Cardiology Week 1 (6 decks)

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