Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
what can the ANS do to muscle that the Somatic cannot?
somatic can only excite muscle but the ANS can excite and inhibit
what is unique about chromaffin cells in the ANS?
these cells are in the adrenal medulla and are stimulate by the pregang neuron of the ANS…when stimulated they release hormones of NE and Epi into the bloodstream
what do postganglionic neurons have on them and why is this important for the ANS?
varicosities which are multiple spots for innervation so can help fine tune and coordinate effects
in parasympathetic division of ANS, the pregang is ___ and the postgang is ____ (long/short)?
pregang is long
postgang is short
what is the division of innervation for the parasympathetic?
cranio-sacral
what does the cranial portion of parasympathetic control? 4
eyes, glands, thoracic organs, and abdominal organs
what does the sacral portion of the parasympathetic control? (1)
pelvic organs like bladder repo, rectum
what is the division of innervation for the sympathetic control?
thoracic lumbar regions of spinal cord
where do sympathetic/parasymp neurons exit the SC?
ventral roots
3 ways sympathetic neurons travel once outside of SC?
- go to sympathetic chain ganglia
- pass through the paravertebral sympathetic trunk and synapse with prevertebral ganglion neurons
- get to the adrenal medulla chromaffin cells
where is the paravertebral ganglia?
adjacent to the each thoracic or upper lumbar segment of the sympathetic
where is the prevertebral ganglia?
in front of the SC or vertebral column for sympathetic division
3 examples of prevertebral ganglia in sympathetic
superios mesenteric, inferior mesenteric
and celiac
parasympathetic pre and post neurons secrete what Nts?
both secrete ACh
what is the type of receptor on the post gang neuron in the parasympathetic?
nicotinic or ionotropic
what is the type of receptor on the target organ in parasympathetic?
muscarinic or metabotropic
what is the type of receptor on the post gang neuron in the sympathetic?
nicotinic or ionotropic
what is the type of receptor on the target organ in sympathetic?
adrenergic..which is always metabotropic
what hormone is released by pregang and postgang in sympathetic?
ACh by pre
NE by post
sympathetic adrenergic receptor list
a1, a2, b1, b2
a1 role in cardiac with sympathetic
vasoconstriction
b1 role in cardiac with sympathetic
SA node target and increases the HR
b2 role in cardiac with sympathetic
vasodilation and bronchodilation
a2 role in cardiac with sympathetic and unique thing about
vasoconstriction…has negative feedback
what is an important aspect of the parasympathetic nervous system?
discrete control that allows organs to be regulated separately
which of the para or symp innervates blood vessels and skin?
the sympathetic
in sympathetic division of ANS, the pregang is ___ and the postgang is ____ (long/short)?
pre is short
post is long
what is special about sweat glands and their invovement in the sympathetic NS?
they are innervated by ACh and not Epi even though they are a part of the sympathetic
parasympathetic effect on vessels
minimal to none
sympathetic versus para eye response
symp makes them dilate
para makes them constrict
steps of an autonomic reflex
afferent receptor recognizes issue
travels to integration center
then efferent has effect on tissue
tissue changes provide negative feedback to the afferent receptor
name an important autonomic reflex in cardiac system
blood pressure
where are the baroreceptors for blood pressure located?
carotid sinus and aortic arch
what makes up the afferent pathway in BP regulation reflex?
the cranial nerves
what makes up the efferent pathway in BP regulation reflex?
ANS para and sympathetic
