Neurotransmitters and neurohormones Flashcards
What is Glutamate?
What does it activate?
What are some of its functions?
A major Excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS
Activates ligand-gated ion channels and GPCRs
learning and long-term potentiation
GlutamateE
What is acetylcholine?
What does it activate?
What are some of its functions?
A neurotransmitter in the CNS and PNS
Activates nicotinic and muscarinic Ach receptors
skeletal neuromuscular junctions
What is GABA?
What does it activate?
A major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS
Activates Ligand-gated ion channels (GABAa) and GPCR (GABAb)
What is dopamine?
What does it activate?
What are some of its functions?
A neurotransmitter in the CNS and PNS
Activates GPCR (D1-5)
Initiating voluntary movements
role in reward and reinforcement behaviours
What is noradrenaline?
What does it activate?
What are some of its functions?
neurotransmitter in the PNS and CNS
activates GPCR - alpha and beta noradrenergic receptors
Attention, arousal, sleep and wakefulness
Which neurotransmitter has a role in long-term potentiation?
Glutamate
Which neurotransmitter has a role in reward and reinforcement behaviours?
Dopamine
Which neurotransmitter has a role at the neuromuscular junction?
Acetylcholine
Which neural system (neuromodulatory system) contains noradrenergic projections?
Locus coerulus
Which neural system (neuromodulatory system) contains serotonergic projections?
Raphe nuclei
Which neural system (neuromodulatory system) contains dopaminergic projections?
Ventral tagmental area (VTA)
and
Substantia nigra
Which 2 endogenous neurotransmitters have structural similarities to cocaine?
Dopamine
Noradrenaline
