Neuroanatomy Flashcards
What are the main anatomical structures of the brain?
Forebrain
Brainstem
Cerebellum
What is in the forebrain? sub-structures
Telencephalon (cerebrum) =
Cerebral cortex and subcortical structures
Diencephalon = Thalamus & hypothalamus
What is in the Cerebral cortex?
Frontal lobe
Parietal lobe
Temporal lobe
Occipital lobe
What do the subcortical structures comprise of?
Basal ganglia
Hippocampus
Which lobe is associated with visual processing and interpretation?
Occipital lobe
Which neural structures comprise the basal ganglia?
Caudate
Putamen
Globus pallidus
Which region of the brain is responsible for producing precise and co-ordinated movement?
Cerebellum
What region of the brain is locked in syndrome a result of?
a loss of blood circulation
Pons
What is the largest structure of the forebrain?
The cerebrum
State the role of the frontal lobe
Controls:
- Voluntary movement
- Behaviour
State the role of the parietal lobe `
Sensory processing and interpretation
State the role of the occipital lobe
Visual processing and interpretation `
State the role of the temporal lobe
Auditory processing & interpretation
Memory
Name some functions of the hippocampus
Major role in learning and memory
What can damage do the hippocampus have an effect on?
An individuals ability to recall information
Name a function of the caudate putamen
Plays a role in movement
- Language
- Speech articulation
- Cognitive function
Name some disorders associated with basal ganglia dysfunction?
Huntingtons disease
Parkinsons
State the structures in the diencephalon
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Name functions of the thalamus
Relay between sensory & motor systems and the cerebral cortex
Regulates consciousness & levels of arousal
Functions of the hypothalamus?
Homeostasis
HPA axis control (‘fight or flight’)
Dysfunctions of the hypothalamus?
Hypothyroidism
Hyperthyroidism
Midbrain functions
Control of eye movements
auditory and visual processing
Pons functions
Relays motor information from cerebral hemispheres to the medulla, spinal cord and cerebellum
Medulla oblongata functions
Cardiovascular and respiratory homeostasis
Reflexive actions
