Neurotransmitters

Question 1

Dopamine release in what structure represents the common final event associated with reinforcing effects of opiates, cocaine, amphetamines, nicotine, PCP, and alcohol? (4x)

Answer 1

NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS

Question 2

What is the role of glycine at NMDA receptor? (x2)

Answer 2

OBLIGATE COAGONIST

Question 3

Which neurotransmitter system is the last to mature in the CNS of children and
adolescents? (2x)

Answer 3

CHOLINERGIC

Question 4

What compound increases muscle mass by increasing episodic secretion of GH? (2x)

Answer 4

GAMMA HYDROXYLBUTYRATE

Question 5

What part of the brain has the highest concentration of 5HT producing cells?

Answer 5

RAPHE NUCLEI

Question 6

Dopamine and what other neurotransmitter regulates reward circuitry?

Answer 6

GABA

Question 7

What neuroimaging technology is most useful in studying connectivity pathways?

Answer 7

SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION CT SCAN

Question 8

What area of the body has the most serotonin?

Answer 8

GI TRACT

Question 9

What neurotransmitter has been associated with anxiety?

Answer 9

NOREPINEPHRINE

Question 10

Positive allosteric modulators of neurotransmitter-gated, multimeric ion channels do what?

Answer 10

INCREASE PROBABILITY OF OPENING IN

PRESENCE OF A LIGAND

Question 11

Where are the major clusters of cell bodies containing serotonin in brain?

Answer 11

RAPHE NUCLEUS IN THE BRAIN STEM

Question 12

What is the principal mechanism of termination of synaptic activity of dopamine in prefrontal cortex?

Answer 12

DIFFUSION

Question 13

Opiates inhibit Camp dependent protein phosphorylation in which part of the brain?

Answer 13

LOCUS CERULEUS

Question 14

Which neurotransmitter maintains consistent levels with age?

Answer 14

SEROTONIN

Question 15

Which neurotransmitters are reduced in quantity, uptake and turnover in spasticity?

Answer 15

GLYCINE & GABA

Question 16

The cognitive enhancement associated with experimental D-cycloserine treatment in pt’s
with schizophrenia has been attributed to enhancement of NMDA receptor activity by which
neurotransmitter?

Answer 16

GLYCINE

Question 17

In addiction, dopaminergic neurons project to the nucleus accumbens. Cell bodies of these
neurons reside in which area of brain?

Answer 17

VENTRAL TEGMENTAL AREA

Question 18

Which neurotransmitter is predominantly inhibitory?

Answer 18

GLYCINE

Question 19

Which neurotransmitter is assoc w/ reward & reinforcement in nicotine dependence?

Answer 19

DOPAMINE

Question 20

Prostaglandin D2 increases extracellular levels of what?

Answer 20

ADENOSINE

Question 21

Which neurotransmitter is a retrograde neurotransmitter?

Answer 21

ENDOCANNABINOIDS

Question 22

Are Ach receptors in cerebral cortex inhibitory or excitatory?

Answer 22

They are both inhibitory and excitatory

Question 23

What is a neurohormone associated with social bonding?

Answer 23

OXYTOCIN

Question 24

Which neurotransmitter is responsible for the rewarding

nature of drug abuse?

Answer 24

DOPAMINE

Question 25

Low CSF levels of which neurotransmitter metabolites is associated with suicidality?

Answer 25

5-HYDROXYINDOLE ACETIC ACID (5-HIAA)

Question 26

What is the 5HT3 receptor classification?

Answer 26

LIGAND GATED

Question 27

Pain by neurogenic inflammation is mediated by what?

Answer 27

SUBSTANCE P

Question 28

Decreased levels of what neurotransmitter is most associated with depressed mood, poor sleep, and poor impulse control?

Answer 28

SEROTONIN

Question 29

Psych stress increases cortisol and prolonged cortisol is associated with bad outcomes. Stress also affects other hormones. Increase in which hormone is correlated with decreased PTSD severity most likely due to hormone's anti-glucocorticoid properties:

Answer 29

DHEA

Question 30

Activation of this receptor is likely responsible for the anti-anxiety, motor-impairment, and sedative hypnotic effects of alcohol

Answer 30

GABA-A

Question 31

What neurotransmitter is responsible for regulating sleep and wakefulness?

Answer 31

HISTAMINE

Question 32

What neurotransmitter is thought to play a key role in fine-tuning working memory function in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex?

Answer 32

DOPAMINE

Question 33

Which neurotransmitter levels would be affected what changes in tyrosine hydroxylase levels:

Answer 33

DOPAMINE

Question 34

Blockade of which receptor causes sedation and weight gain side effects for antipsychotics and antidepressants?

Answer 34

HISTAMINE

Question 35

What neurotransmitter present in the periaqueductal gray matter is involved in the mediation of pain?

Answer 35

ENDORPHINS

Question 36

Which neurotransmitter, IF dysfunctional, most replicates core symptoms of schizophrenia?

Answer 36

GLUTAMATE