Neurophysiology Flashcards
Which cell type secretes innate pro-infammatory cytokines TNF - alpha and Il -1 B in pts
with inflammatory conditions that affect the brain? (X2)
MICROGLIA
What hormone is released from adipose tissues, enters the brain and provides negative feedback /
reduces food intake, regulates fat stores?
LEPTIN
What is the process of calcium mediated long-lasting increase in AMPA receptor signal transmission called?
LONG-TERM POTENTIATION
What does the hypothalamus secrete when you are stressed?
CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING HORMONE (CRH)
The rapid learning demonstrated by children during the school-age years is paralleled
neurodevelopmentally by which of the following brain processes?
INCREASE IN WHITE MATTER
The cortical synaptic remodeling characteristic of normal adolescence is also believed to be
associated with what neurobiological change?
PREFERENTIAL LOSS OF EXCITATORY SYNAPSES
The most important feature of post-natal brain development is an increase in what?
NUMBER OF DENDRITIC AND AXONAL
PROCESSES
What occurs when the central nervous system responds to an acute cortical insult?
MICROGLIA PROCESSES RETRACT, AND THE CELL
BODY ENLARGES
Hormone released during sleep which doesn’t have a circadian rhythm pattern:
GROWTH HORMONE
Neuronal plasticity for learning and memory is best accounted for by:
SYNAPTIC CONNECTIVITY
Which of the following is a positive effect of the neuroinflammatory response:
A. Activation of microglia in response to repeated social defect
B. Microglial priming and hyper-reactivity following a CNS injury
C. Chronic microglial activation following TBI
D. Microglial propagation of cytokines with associated decreased physical activity in response to a peripheral infection
E. Increased cytokine inflammatory genes and decreased anti-inflammatory genes associated with increasing age
D. MICROGLIAL PROPAGATION OF CYTOKINES
WITH ASSOCIATED DECREASED PHYSICAL
ACTIVITY IN RESPONSE TO A PERIPHERAL
INFECTION
What is the potent neuroprotective factor that prevents neuronal cell death (apoptosis)?
PITUITARY ADENYLATE CYCLASE ACTIVATING
POLYPEPTIDE
What type of receptor is a glucocorticoid receptor?
NUCLEAR
How does estrogen modulate neuroinflammation?
DECREASED INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES
What do you call a modulator that enhances receptor function when an agonist is present
but does not directly activate the receptor?
POSITIVE ALLOSTERIC MODULATOR
