Neurotransmitters Flashcards
What are the four different types of astrocytes called?
Fibrous
Protoplasmic
Interlamina
Polarized
What are the features of a protoplasmic astrocyte?
Most common
Reside in layers 2-6 of the cortex. DO not overlap areas.
Regulate blood flow in response to increased synaptic transmission
Fibrous astrocytes
Found in white and grey matter. Processes intermingle.
Support role for neurons and responding to brain injury.
What is the function of microglia?
Survey theenvironment, mediate brain immune response
modulate neurotransmission
Sculpt the brain during development and for modulating neurotransmission.
What is the function of pericytes?
They encase endothelial cells in the brain capillaries and maintain the BBB.
How is termination of transmitter action achieved?
By metabolism and/or reuptake intoneurons or glia (astroctes) cells by specific transporter proteins.
What neurotransmitters are monoamines:?
serotonin, noradrenalin and dopamine
What neurotransmitters are amino acids?
GABA, glycine, glutamate/
What do neuromodulators do?
Produce slower pre and post-synaptic response. Is released by astrocytes and nerve cell (adensoine)
What do neurotrophic factors do?
Promote survival, growth, function of neurons
Which are the fast acting neurotransmitters and what do the act on?
Ion channels, glycine, GABA, glutamate
Which are the slow acting neurotransmitters and what do the act on?
G-protein coupled receptors: dopamine, neuropeptides, GABA, acetylcholine
