Neurotransmitters

Question 0

Acetylcholine: where found

Answer 0

Parts of the nervous system associated with motion, including the brain’s motor cortex.

Question 1

What are the three major functional classes of neurotransmitters.

Answer 1

Fast, excitatory: ex. Glutamate and acetylcholine.

Fast, inhibitory: EX. GABA and glycine.

Slow neuromodulators that are both excitatory and inhibitory: ex. Dopamine, epinephrine.

Question 2

Acetylcholine: function

Answer 2

Makes muscles contract. Also plays key role in attention, memory, and sleep.

Question 3

Dopamine: where found

Answer 3

Brain and the peripheral nervous system.

Question 4

Dopamine: function

Answer 4

Important for body motion and rewards experiences, including pleasures.

Question 5

Endorphins: where found

Answer 5

Brain, pituitary gland, and spinal cord.

Question 6

Endorphins: function

Answer 6

Powerful, natural opiates, endorphins block pain.

Question 7

Gamma-aminobutyric Acid (GABA): where found

Answer 7

Retina, spinal cord, hypothalamus, and cerebellum.

Question 8

GABA

Answer 8

The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter, it quiets rather than excites neurons. Exists in as many as a third of all synapses.

Question 9

Glutamate: where found

Answer 9

Brain and spinal cord.

Question 10

Glutamate: function

Answer 10

Crucial for learning and memory. At small doses, glutamate excites cells to higher states of activity. At larger doses, however, gluts at kills neurons.

Question 11

Norepinephrine: where found

Answer 11

Brain and the peripheral nervous system

Question 12

Norepinephrine: function

Answer 12

Regulates moods, blood pressure, heartbeat, and arousal.

Question 13

Serotonin: where found

Answer 13

Brain stem, cerebellum, pineal gland, and spinal cord.

Question 14

Serotonin: function

Answer 14

Crucial for proper sleep and appetite. Linked to depression and anxiety.