Neuroscience/Lab Tests Flashcards
What part of the brain would be most active in terms of reward one is experiencing from the following drugs?
A) cocaine & meth
B) opioids
A) nucleus accumbens
—mesolimbic pathway: VTA –> NA
B) locus ceruleus of the brainstem
What 3 receptors are associated with glutamate?
AMPA
kainate
NMDA
MAO-I are responsible for degradation of NT. Which MAO-A or MAO-B is responsible for degradation of NE and serotonin?
MAO-A
Apoptosis occurs when what ion flows into a cell after NMDA receptor channels open?
Calcium
A patient comes in with separation anxiety disorder, what hormone has been found to have lower levels in this disorder since it plays an important role in attachment and anxiety regulation?
Oxytocin
Which mood disorder has been found to have a complex genetic component associated with the long alleles of the MAOA-uVNTR promoter polymorphism?
Panic disorder with agoraphobia
What is the neuropathogenesis behind Bipolar episodes of mania and depression?
Mania: catecholaminergic disruption
Depression: cholinergic dysfunction
What disorders are differentiated by an increase or decrease in expression of growth factors, in particular BDNF (brain derived neurotropic factor)?
Depression vs. PMDD
Depression has decreased BDNF in the pre-frontal cortex and hippocampus
PMDD has increase BDNF in luteal phase
Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) is the primary metabolite of what neurotransmitter?
NE
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) & homovanillic acid (HVA) are primary metabolites of what neurotransmitter?
Dopamine
Which MAO-A or MAO-B is responsible for degradation of dopamine?
MAO-B
IL-6 and CRP are inflammatory markers most associated with what psychiatric illness?
MDD
Damage to which areas of the brain lead to:
A) anterograde amnesia
B) retrograde amnesia
A) hippocampus – anterograde
B) thalamus — retrograde
Polymorphisms in contactin-associated protein-like 2-gene (CNTNAP2) have been detected in what disorders?
selective mutism
social anxiety disorder
