NEUROSCIENCE Flashcards
nerous system consists of:
Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves
sensory neurons:
coupled to receptors and designed to detect and respond to internal and external environment, they are related to vision, hearing, touch, smell, taste.
Nociceptors
they appear when intense stimuli react to the skin and they are responsible for sensation of pain and protective reflexes
Motor neurons
they control the activity of muscles, responsible for all behaviour, including speech.
Interneurones
the most numerous neurons, they are in between sensory and motor neurons, these neurons mediate simple reflexes as well as being responsible for the highest functions of the brain
Glial cells
responsible for development of the nervous system, function of the adult brain, do not transmit info like neurons.
What do neurons consist of?
cell body and processes. one of the sets- axons- they transfer info from neurons to dendrites- which receive info from the axons. both processes participate in SYNAPSES
spinal cord
responsible for simple reflexes and forms a highway between the body and the brain for info travelling
How is the brain divided?
In cerebral hemisphere and brain stem, between them- cerebellum
how is the brain stem divided?
hind-brain( vital functions (breathing, blood pressure), mid-brain ( neurons, using chemical messenger, all of them go to cerebrall hemispheres, responsible for sleep, attention, reward) and diencephalon ( divided into thalamus- relays impulses from sensory system to cerebral cortex and gets another impulse back and hypothalamus- functions such as eating also regulates the release hormones in sexual functions)
how is the cerebral hemisphere divided?
Basal ganglia- the core, corpus collosum- large fiber tract which connects the two halves of the brain because movements of the right side of the body are controlled by the left cortex
why is the brain wrinkly?
to get a pigger surface area for the sheet of neurons, cerebral cortex weave into a small skull, its called the CORTICAL TISSUE
