neuroradiology

Question 1

what can lead to raised fluid levels in sinuses

Answer 1

blood (trauma), infection

Question 2

how can a CT scan be used to determine the age of blood

Answer 2

there is no fixed attenuation value for blood, it varies with the differing stages of healing/clotting

Question 3

what congenital defect can increase the likelihood of brain haemorrhages

Answer 3

AV malformation

Question 4

3 causes of ventriculomegaly

Answer 4

1. hydrocephalus
2. congenital
3. atrophy

Question 5

what stuctures can be looked at to aid the diagnosis of the cause of ventriculomegaly

Answer 5

the sulci - are they well defined, do they show effacement etc.?

Question 6

what area of the ventricles is the favoured site to stretch first in hydrocephalus

Answer 6

temporal ventricles - due to pressure dynamics

Question 7

what can a CT perfusion scan show in stroke

Answer 7

the penumbra and whether there is potential for recovery

Question 8

6 contraindications for MRI

Answer 8

1. cardiac pacemakers
2. MR incompatible vascular clips
3. electrical stimulator implants/pumps
4. metallic implants/orbital foreign bodies
5. severe claustraphobia
6. pregnancy (caution)

Question 9

what interventional radiological technique can be used to treat aneurysms

Answer 9

coiling - stops blood flow into the aneuyrsmic sac

Question 10

what is myelography

Answer 10

an imaging test that checks for problems in your spinal canal - invasive treatment but useful in those with contraindications to MRI, CT etc