Neuropsychopharm Benzos and hypnotics

Question 1

What benzodiazapene has relatively low potential for abuse? What about its kinetics makes it useful for this?

Answer 1

Clonazepam (Klonipin)Less potential for abuse due to slow kinetics

Question 2

What benzodiazapene is often used for alcohol withdrawal?What about its kinetics makes it useful for this?

Answer 2

Chlordiazepoxide (Librium).Very long effective half-life (active metabolize has half life of several days)

Question 3

What benzodiazepene is often used as a sleep aid?What about its kinetics makes it useful for this?

Answer 3

Triazolam (Halcion)Rapid onset, short half-life

Question 4

What benzodiazepene is highly addictive?What about its kinetics contributes to this?

Answer 4

Alprazolam (Xanax)Fast/intermediate onset, short/intermediate half-life(Fastest kinetics other than triazolam, which puts patients to sleep)(Fast onset also good for panic attacks)

Question 5

What benzodiazepene is often used for panic attacks?What about its kinetics makes it useful for this?

Answer 5

Alprazolam (Xanax)Fast/intermediate onset, short/intermediate half-life(Fastest kinetics other than triazolam, which puts patients to sleep)(Fast onset also makes it HIGHLY ADDICTIVE)

Question 6

What are the kinetics of lorazepam?

Answer 6

Intermediate onset of action and half-life(a.k.a. Ativan)

Question 7

What are the kinetics of diazepam?

Answer 7

Fast onset, long half-life(a.k.a. Valium)

Question 8

What are the kinetics of alprazolam?

Answer 8

Fast/intermediate onset, short/intermediate half-life(a.k.a. xanax)

Question 9

What are the kinetics of clonazepam?

Answer 9

Slow onset, intermediate/long half-life(Slow onset means less abuse potential)(a.k.a. Klonopin)

Question 10

What hypnotic can lead to strange dreams and dissociative symptoms?

Answer 10

Zoldipem (Ambien)

Question 11

What hypnotic becomes less effective after two weeks use?

Answer 11

Zoldipem (Ambien)

Question 12

What hypnotic is very short-acting and may be taken if wake in the middle of the night?

Answer 12

Zapeplon (Sonata)(But can be habit forming as a result)

Question 13

What hypnotic can be habit forming?

Answer 13

Zapeplon (Sonata)(Very short acting, may be taken if wake up in the middle of the night)

Question 14

What hypnotic is similar to melatonin?

Answer 14

Remalteon (Rozerem)Unlikely to be habit-forming

Question 15

What hypnotic can be taken for longer periods of time than others?

Answer 15

Eszopiclone (Lunesta)(But can lead to withdrawal syndrome)

Question 16

What hypnotic can lead to a metallic taste in the mouth?

Answer 16

Eszopiclone (Lunesta)

Question 17

What hypnotic can lead to a withdrawal syndrome?

Answer 17

Eszopiclone (Lunesta)(But can be taken for longer periods than other hypnotics)

Question 18

What hypnotic can lead to priapism?

Answer 18

Trazadone (Desyrel)(Relatively benign, commonly used on inpatient unit)

Question 19

What hypnotic can lead to grogginess in the morning?

Answer 19

Trazadone (Desyrel)(Relatively benign other than rarely causing priapism, commonly used on inpatient unit)