Neurophysiology

Question 1

Which autonomic system receptor causes an increase in cyclic AMP when activated?

a. a1
b. a2
c. b2
d. n1
e. m2

Answer 1

C. beta 2

Gq = increase IP3/Ca
Gi = decrease CAMP
Gs = increase CAMP

a1 = q
a2 = i
b1 = s
b2 = s

m1 = q
m2 = i
m3 = q

QISS and QIQ

Nicotinic receptors are ionotropic.

Question 2

Which extrapyramidal tract helps inhibit both flexors and extensors during movement?

a. rubrospinal
b. pontine reticulospinal
c. medullary reticulospinal
d. lateral vestibulospinal
e. tectospinal

Answer 2

C. medullary reticulospinal tract

This tract runs from the medullary reticular formation to the spinal cord interneurons in the intermediate gray area.

Study Table RLQ on page 27.

Question 3

In pain modulation, serotonin is produced by which 2 areas?

a. nucleus raphe magnun
b. spinal dorsal horn
c. locus ceruleus
d. periaqueductal gray matter
e. dorsal root ganglion

Answer 3

A and B.

nucleus raphe magnum - serotonin
spinal dorsal horn - serotonin, enkephalin
locus ceruleus - norepinephrine
periaqueductal gray matter - morphine
dorsal root ganglion - opioids