Neurophysiology Flashcards
What is neurophysiology?
Neurophysiology is the branch of physiology that studies the functions of the nervous system.
True or False: Neurons are the basic building blocks of the nervous system.
True
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the part of the neuron that receives signals from other neurons.
dendrite
What is the primary function of the myelin sheath?
The myelin sheath insulates axons and speeds up the transmission of electrical signals.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following cells support and protect neurons? A) Neurons B) Glial cells C) Erythrocytes
B) Glial cells
What is an action potential?
An action potential is a rapid change in membrane potential that occurs when a neuron sends a signal.
True or False: Synapses are the junctions where neurons communicate with each other.
True
Fill in the blank: Neurotransmitters are released from the _____ of a neuron.
axon terminal
What is the role of the sodium-potassium pump in neurons?
The sodium-potassium pump helps maintain the resting membrane potential by moving sodium out and potassium into the cell.
Multiple Choice: Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in mood regulation? A) Dopamine B) Serotonin C) Acetylcholine
B) Serotonin
What is the difference between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters?
Excitatory neurotransmitters increase the likelihood of a neuron firing, while inhibitory neurotransmitters decrease that likelihood.
True or False: The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.
True
Fill in the blank: The _____ is responsible for processing sensory information and coordinating responses.
brain
What is the function of the peripheral nervous system?
The peripheral nervous system connects the central nervous system to the rest of the body.
Multiple Choice: Which part of the brain is responsible for balance and coordination? A) Cerebrum B) Cerebellum C) Brainstem
B) Cerebellum
What is plasticity in the context of neurophysiology?
Plasticity refers to the brain’s ability to adapt and reorganize itself in response to experience or injury.
True or False: All neurons have the same shape and size.
False
Fill in the blank: The _____ lobe is primarily responsible for visual processing.
occipital
What is the function of the autonomic nervous system?
The autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary bodily functions, such as heart rate and digestion.
Multiple Choice: Which structure is involved in the fight or flight response? A) Hippocampus B) Amygdala C) Thalamus
B) Amygdala
What is the role of the cerebral cortex?
The cerebral cortex is involved in higher brain functions, including thought, reasoning, and voluntary movement.
True or False: Reflex actions are processed in the brain.
False
Fill in the blank: The _____ nervous system is responsible for voluntary muscle movements.
somatic
What is the significance of the blood-brain barrier?
The blood-brain barrier protects the brain from harmful substances while allowing essential nutrients to pass.
