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MODA MVST1b > Neuropharmacology - just drugs > Flashcards

Neuropharmacology - just drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Aducanumab

A

MAb against Abeta oligomers and aggregates, promising trials in treatment of AD

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2
Q

Agomelatine

A

Antidepressant, melatonin receptor antagonist

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3
Q

Alteplase

A

Clot buster used to treat stroke, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator

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4
Q

Amantadine

A

Anti-viral, may enhance DA release, used in PD

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5
Q

Amitriptyline

A

Antidepressant: TCA, inhibits NET/SERT, additional polypharmacology, inhibits NaV
is an antidepressant used, at lower doses, as a migraine preventative;
Can be a sedative
Dry mouth due to anticholinergic action

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6
Q

Amphetamine

A

Can be used to treat ADHD: competitive NET/DAT inhibitor, enters vesicles to displace NA/DA
Through overactivity of the nigrostriatal pathway, leads to stereotypes behaviour
Through overactivity of Mesolimbic system, results in euphoria

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7
Q

Aripiprazol

A

Antipsychotic (atypical): D2 partial agonist, 5-HT1A partial agonist

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8
Q

Baclofen

A

GABA B agonist: used to treat spasticity in MS patients, muscle relaxant

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9
Q

Bromocriptine

A

DA receptor agonist, can be used in PD
DA acts to inhibit prolactin release from the anterior pituitary, so can blockade can result in breast development and lactation
DA stimulates GH secretion, but can bromocriptine be used to decrease excessive growth in acromegaly by evoking receptor desensitisation through constant stim instead of pulsatile endogenous stim

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10
Q

Bupriopion

A

Anxiolytic, partial 5-HT1a agonist, used in generalised anxiety disorder

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11
Q

Caffeine

A

PDE inhibitor, adenosine receptor antagonist, CNS stimulant

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12
Q

Carbamazepine

A

Antiepileptic, NaV blocker

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13
Q

Carbidopa

A

Peripherally acting DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor, used with levodopa in PD

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14
Q

Chlorpromazine

A

Typical antipsychotic. Broad spectrum of action - pan DA and 5-HT receptor antagonist, antihistamine, antimuscarinic

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15
Q

Citalopram

A

Antidepressant, SERT inhibitor, also used to treat panic attacks

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16
Q

Clozapine

A

Atypical antipsychotic, weak D2 antagonist, 5-HT2 antagonist, antihistamine, antimuscarinic

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17
Q

Desipramine

A

Tricyclic antidepressant, inhibits NET/SERT, additional polypharmacology. Imipramine metabolite.

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18
Q

Diazepam

A

Benzodiazepine, enhances GABAA response to GABA, used to treat anxiety and status epilepticus

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19
Q

Diphenhydramine

A

Antihistamine H1 receptor antagonist, has sedative effects

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20
Q

Domperidone

A

Antiemetic. D2/3 receptor antagonist, used to limit levodopa-induced nausea
More peripherally limited than metoclopramide so doesn’t cause acute dystopia

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21
Q

Donepezil

A

Anticholinesterase inhibitor, used to treat AD

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22
Q

Duloxetine

A

Antidepressant SNRI, inhibits NET/SERT

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23
Q

Entacaptone

A

COMT inhibitor (peripherally restricted), used in the treatmnet of PD

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24
Q

Ethosuximide

A

Antiepileptic, T-type CaV blocker, efficacious in treating absence seizures

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25
Q

Flumenazil

A

Benzodiazepine antagonist, used to treat benzodiazepine overdose

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26
Q

Fluoxetine

A

Antidepressant: SSRI, inhibits SERT. Also 5-HT2c antagonist.

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27
Q

Gabapentin.

A

Antiepileptic. Binds alpha2delta1 subunits thereby reducing CaV plasma membrane expression, efficacious in treating absence seizures.

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28
Q

Galantamine

A

Anticholinesterase inhibitor used to treat AD

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29
Q

Haloperidol

A

Antipsychotic (typical): D1/2 and 5-HT2A receptor antagonist.

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30
Q

Imipramine

A

Antidepressant: TCA inhibits NET/SERT, additional polypharmacology

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31
Q

Ketamine

A

NMDA receptor channel blocker. Anaesthetic, possible antidepressant

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32
Q

Lacosamide

A

Antiepileptic, inhibits NaV by enhancing slow inactivation

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33
Q

Lamotrigine

A

Antiepileptic. NaV blocker, also used in bipolar disorder.

34
Q

Levodopa

A

Substrate for DOPA decarboxylase used to treat PD

35
Q

Lithium

A

Mood stabiliser, used to treat bipolar disorder

36
Q

Lorazepam

A

Benzodiazepine, enhances GABAA response to GABA, used as sedative and also status epilepticus

37
Q

Memantine

A

Alzheimer’s treatment. Non-competitive NMDA receptor channel blocker.

38
Q

Methylphenidate

A

Ritalin
DAT inhibitor
Elevated DA levels used in the treatment of ADHD

39
Q

Mirtazapine

A

Antidepressant: NASSA
Alpha2 adrenocpetor
5-HT2A/C
5-HT3 antagonists

40
Q

Moclobemide

A

Antidepressant, reversible MAO-A inhibitor

41
Q

Nortriptyline

A

Antidepressant. TCA, inhibits NET/SERT, additional polypharmacology. Amitriptyline metabolite.

42
Q

Olanzapine

A

Atypical antipsychotic: D2 and 5-HT2A antagonist. Also used to treat bipolar disorder.

43
Q

Orphenadrine

A

Muscarinic receptor antagonist, used to treat drug-induced parkinsonism

44
Q

Perampanel

A

Antiepileptic. Non-competitive AMPA receptor antagonist

45
Q

Phenelzine

A

Antidepressant

Irreversible non-selective MAO inhibitor

46
Q

Phenobarbital

A

Long acting barbiturate, enhances the magnitude of GABAA currents, rarely used anticonvulsant

47
Q

Phenytoin

A

Antiepileptic, NaV blocker

48
Q

Propranolol

A

Beta blocker, non-selective beta adrenoceptor antagonist, reduces physical symptoms of anxiety

49
Q

Ramelteon

A

Melatonin antagonist used in the treatment of insomnia

50
Q

Ranitidine

A

Histamine H2 receptor antagonist. Reduced stomach acid production used to treat peptic ulcers and reflux disease.

51
Q

Rivastigmine

A

Anticholinesterase inhibitor used to treat AD

52
Q

Ropinirole

A

D2/3 receptor agonist, used in PD

53
Q

Safinamide

A

MAO-B and DAT inhibitor used in PD

54
Q

Selegiline

A

MAO-B inhibitor, used in PD

55
Q

Sertraline

A

Antidepressant, SSRI. Inhibits SERT, also used to treat panic attacks and PTSD

56
Q

Talcaptone

A

Centrally penetrant COMT inhibitor used in the treatment of PD

57
Q

Thiopental

A

Short-acting barbiturate, enhances the magnitude of GABAA currents. Rarely used anaesthetic, also a component of the US lethal injection.

58
Q

Tiagabine

A

Antiepileptic, inhibits GAT1. Add-on therapy for partial seizures.

59
Q

Topiramate

A

Antiepileptic. Inhibits NaV, CaV, AMPA receptors and facilitates GABAA function.

60
Q

Trazodone

A

Antidepressant. Pan 5-HT2 antagonist used to treat insomnia

61
Q

Sodium valproate

A

Antiepileptic. T-type CaV blocker, weak GABA transaminase inhibitor and may enhance GABA function and block NaV. Efficacious in treating absence seizures.

62
Q

Venlafaxine

A

Antidepressant, SNRI. Inhibits NET/SERT

63
Q

Vigabatrin

A

Antiepileptic, irreversible GABA transaminase inhibitor.

64
Q

Zolpidem

A

Z drug acts at GABA A benzodiazepine site. Short-acting. Hypnotic used in the treatment of insomnia.

65
Q

Zonisamide

A

Antiepileptic. Inhibits NaV/CaV, may enhance GABA A fucntion

66
Q

7-chlorokynurenic acid

A

Antagonist at glycine binding site on the NMDA receptor

No clinical use

67
Q

Alpha-methyltyrosine

A

Antihypertensive. Inhibits TOH.

No clinical use

68
Q

ACET

A

Kainate receptor antagonist

No clinical use

69
Q

Alphaxalone

A

Agonist at the steroid binding site (positive allosteric modulator) GABA A receptor: no clinical use. Anaesthetic in veterinary practice.

70
Q

AP5

A

Competitive glutamate antagonist at NMDA receptor

No clinical use

71
Q

Bicuculline

A

GABAA antagonist, pro-convulsant

No clinical use

72
Q

CNBX

A

Competitive AMPA receptor antagonist

No clinical use

73
Q

Ifenprodil

A

Blocks spermine/polyamine modulatory site on NMDA receptor

No clinical use

74
Q

LSD

A

Hallucinogen. Modulates numerous 5-HT receptors, agonist at 5-HT2A receptors

75
Q

MDMA

A

Ecstacy

Empathogen: SERT/DAT/NET inhibitor. Induces 5-HT release

76
Q

Muscimol

A

Agonist at GABA binding site on the GABAA receptor

77
Q

NBQX

A

Competitive AMPA receptor antagonists

No clinical use

78
Q

Picrotoxin

A

GABA A channel blocker, pro-convulsant, No clinical use

79
Q

Reserpine

A

VMAT inhibitor No clinical use

80
Q

Saclofen

A

GABA B receptor antagonist, may have use in treatment of absence seizures

81
Q

Thioperamide

A

Histamine H3 receptor antagonist

No clinical use

82
Q

Ondansetron

A

Inhibits 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral afferents that project to the CTZ and the CTZ itself
Inhibits 5-HT3 receptors in ECL cells that sense chemicals that trigger nausea in the gut and project to the CTZ
inhibit nausea and vomiting of most causes now off patent

MODA MVST1b (11 decks)

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