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Physiology > Neurons & Electrical Signaling > Flashcards

Neurons & Electrical Signaling Flashcards

0
Q

To the brain

A

Afferent

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1
Q

Away from the brain

A

Efferent

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2
Q

How are cell bodies grouped in the CNS?

A

In nuclei

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3
Q

How are axons grouped in the CNS?

A

Bundles or commissures

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4
Q

How are cell bodies grouped in the PNS?

A

In ganglia

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5
Q

How are axons grouped in PNS?

A

Nerves

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6
Q

Cells that are the myelin for CNS

A

Oligodendrocytes

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7
Q

Cells myelin for PNS

A

Schwann cells

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8
Q

Cells involved in immune response

A

Microglia cells

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9
Q

Is electrical resistance high or low inside the cell?

A

Low

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10
Q

Low electrical resistance causes

A

High electrical conductance

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11
Q

Concentration & permeability determine

A

Resting membrane potential

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12
Q

In “gIon” , “g” stands for?

A

Conductance

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13
Q

membrane potential- equilibrium potential = ?

A

Driving force

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14
Q

Small electrical signals, get smaller with distance

A

Graded potentials

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15
Q

How many sodiums are pumped out?

A

Three

16
Q

How can neurons change their membrane potential?

A

With gated ion channels

17
Q

3 types of gated ion channels

A

Ligand , voltage , and mechanically

18
Q

What are the two types of changes in membrane potential?

A

Graded potential and action potential

19
Q

How do post synaptic cells respond to neurotransmitters?

A

Via graded potentials

20
Q

A depolarization that brings the post synaptic cell closer to threshold

A

Excitatory post synaptic potential ( EPSP )

21
Q

A hyper polarization that pushes the cell further from threshold

A

Inhibitory post synaptic potential (IPSP)

22
Q

The strongest type of stimulus

A

Supra threshold

23
Q

The weakest stimulus

A

Sub threshold

24
Q

One cell stimulates another twice before the first response has had a chance to die down. Two sub threshold stimuli add up to reach threshold

A

Temporal Summation

25
Q

Two or more cells send simultaneous sub threshold stimuli to a cell that adds up to get the cell above threshold.

A

Spatial summation

26
Q

Occurs when graded potentials reach threshold

A

Action potential

27
Q

In this phase, NA channel activation gates open

A

Phase 1

28
Q

Na channel inactivation gates close in which phase?

A

Phase 2

29
Q

K+ channel activation gates open in which phase?

A

Phase 2

30
Q

K+ channels activation gates close in which phase?

A

Phase 3

31
Q

Na inactivation gates open and Na activation gates close in which phase?

A

Phase 3

32
Q

Voltage gates are opened by

A

Depolarization

33
Q

What does changing the ion concentrations change?

A

The equilibrium potentials

34
Q

When is the Na inactivation gate capable of opening again?

A

When it returns to resting state

35
Q

Larger diameter axons propagate APs faster than small diameter bc

A

Large diameters have less internal resistance

Physiology (3 decks)

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