Neurons & Electrical Signaling

Question 0

To the brain

Answer 0

Afferent

Question 1

Away from the brain

Answer 1

Efferent

Question 2

How are cell bodies grouped in the CNS?

Answer 2

In nuclei

Question 3

How are axons grouped in the CNS?

Answer 3

Bundles or commissures

Question 4

How are cell bodies grouped in the PNS?

Answer 4

In ganglia

Question 5

How are axons grouped in PNS?

Answer 5

Nerves

Question 6

Cells that are the myelin for CNS

Answer 6

Oligodendrocytes

Question 7

Cells myelin for PNS

Answer 7

Schwann cells

Question 8

Cells involved in immune response

Answer 8

Microglia cells

Question 9

Is electrical resistance high or low inside the cell?

Answer 9

Low

Question 10

Low electrical resistance causes

Answer 10

High electrical conductance

Question 11

Concentration & permeability determine

Answer 11

Resting membrane potential

Question 12

In “gIon” , “g” stands for?

Answer 12

Conductance

Question 13

membrane potential- equilibrium potential = ?

Answer 13

Driving force

Question 14

Small electrical signals, get smaller with distance

Answer 14

Graded potentials

Question 15

How many sodiums are pumped out?

Answer 15

Three

Question 16

How can neurons change their membrane potential?

Answer 16

With gated ion channels

Question 17

3 types of gated ion channels

Answer 17

Ligand , voltage , and mechanically

Question 18

What are the two types of changes in membrane potential?

Answer 18

Graded potential and action potential

Question 19

How do post synaptic cells respond to neurotransmitters?

Answer 19

Via graded potentials

Question 20

A depolarization that brings the post synaptic cell closer to threshold

Answer 20

Excitatory post synaptic potential ( EPSP )

Question 21

A hyper polarization that pushes the cell further from threshold

Answer 21

Inhibitory post synaptic potential (IPSP)

Question 22

The strongest type of stimulus

Answer 22

Supra threshold

Question 23

The weakest stimulus

Answer 23

Sub threshold

Question 24

One cell stimulates another twice before the first response has had a chance to die down. Two sub threshold stimuli add up to reach threshold

Answer 24

Temporal Summation

Question 25

Two or more cells send simultaneous sub threshold stimuli to a cell that adds up to get the cell above threshold.

Answer 25

Spatial summation

Question 26

Occurs when graded potentials reach threshold

Answer 26

Action potential

Question 27

In this phase, NA channel activation gates open

Answer 27

Phase 1

Question 28

Na channel inactivation gates close in which phase?

Answer 28

Phase 2

Question 29

K+ channel activation gates open in which phase?

Answer 29

Phase 2

Question 30

K+ channels activation gates close in which phase?

Answer 30

Phase 3

Question 31

Na inactivation gates open and Na activation gates close in which phase?

Answer 31

Phase 3

Question 32

Voltage gates are opened by

Answer 32

Depolarization

Question 33

What does changing the ion concentrations change?

Answer 33

The equilibrium potentials

Question 34

When is the Na inactivation gate capable of opening again?

Answer 34

When it returns to resting state

Question 35

Larger diameter axons propagate APs faster than small diameter bc

Answer 35

Large diameters have less internal resistance