Neurons and Synaptic Transmission Flashcards
What are the three types of neurons
Motor, relay and sensory
How big are neurons
vary from mm to m
What is in a neuron cell body
nucleus holding genetic material and dendrites protruding from cell body
What do dendrites do
carry nerve impulses from other neurons
What do axons do
carry impulses down length of neuron - covered in fatty layer known as myelin sheath
Myelin sheath
protects axon and speeds up electrical transmission of impulse
Nodes of ravier
split up myelin sheath, speed up electrical transmission of impulse
Terminal buttons
found at end of axon, communicates with next neuron in chain across synapse
How are neurons in the body laid out
neurons are linked in chains
the receptor passes a signal to the sensory neuron - this then passes to the relay neurone in the spinal cord - this is then passed to motor neuron - passes it to effector
Neuron layout
Receptor - sensory - relay - motor - effector
What is the charge inside a cell
negative charge when neurone is in resting state
What is the charge outside of a cell
postive charge
What happens when a stimulus activates a neuron
for a split second the inside of the cell becomes positively charged - creates action potential
What is action potential
it creates electrical impulse which travels down the axon towards end of neuron
What are neural networks
Groups which neurons communicate with each other in - synapse separates others
