neurones and synaptic transmission

Question 1

what are the three types of neurone

Answer 1

1) motor
2) sensory
3) relay

Question 2

what is a motor neurone

Answer 2

neurones which form synapses with muscles and control their contractions

Question 3

what is a sensory neurone

Answer 3

neurones which carry nervous impulses from sensory receptors such as the eye, to receptors in the spinal cord and the brain

Question 4

what is a relay neuron

Answer 4

all the sensory and motor neurons to communicate with one another

Question 5

outline a synaptic transmission

Answer 5

1) action potential reaches presynaptic membrane causing the release of neurotransmitters from vesicles into the synaptic cleft
2) NT diffuse down the synaptic cleft to the post synaptic membrane
3) the post synaptic membrane has receptors which bind to the NT causing either inhibitory and excitatory effects
4) the NT is broken down in the synapse and undergoes reuptake where its is repackaged into vesicles for later use
5) the speed for reuptake controls how long the effects on the post synaptic membrane will be

Question 6

outline excitatory neurotransmitters

Answer 6

neurones which increase the likelihood that an excitatory signal is sent to the post synaptic cell causing increased chance of firing

Question 7

outline inhibitory neurotransmitters

Answer 7

decrease the likelihood of that neurone firing

Question 8

what is a EPSP

Answer 8

excitatory post electrical charge= the binding of an excitatory neurotransmitter to the post synaptic membrane