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Neuromuscular Physiology Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What poison blocks the release of glycine from the spinal chord? What toxin?

A

Strychnine

Tetanus toxin

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2
Q

What drug used in Alzheimer’s blocks the glutamate effect on the NMDA pathway?

A

Memantine

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3
Q

What is the drug of choice for Alzheimer’s? (Acetyl coa esterase inhibitor)

A

Donepezil

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4
Q

Serotonin blocker that helps in patients with GI vomiting?

A

Ondansetron

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5
Q

DOC for treating neurologic symptoms of serotonin syndrome? Peripheral symptoms?

A

Ciproheptadine

Octreotide

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6
Q

What drug blocks substance P and increases a persons threshold for pain?

A

Capzacin

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7
Q

What drug takes the place of Choline and give you sympathetic side effects

A

Hemicholinium

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8
Q

What anticholinergic drug can be used in patients with diatonia (sustained muscle contraction)?

A

Benztropine

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9
Q

What is the DOC for motion sickness?

A

Scopolamine

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10
Q

What are the only 2 anticholinergics allowed for obstructive lung disease because they block c-GMP?

A

Ipartropium

Tiatropium

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11
Q

What drug is used for urge incontinence in adults?

A

Oxybutynin

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12
Q

What drugs end in Capone, used to treat Parkinson’s, only 20% effective, must combine with other drugs

A

Comt inhibitors

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13
Q

Serotonin agonist, used for GERD, blocks P450, lethal arrhythmias

A

Cisapride

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14
Q

2 drugs used to treat migraines, taken off market, first caused strokes/MI’s, second causes above plus retroperitoneal fibrosis

A

Methysergide

Tergesteride

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15
Q

Serotonin agonist and DA blocker, caused Parkinson’s in patients taking drug for long time?

A

Metoclopramide

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16
Q

Alpha 1 agonist, DOC for anaphylaxis?

A

Epinephrine

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17
Q

Alpha 1 agonist, most common decongestant?

A

Ephedrine

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18
Q

Alpha 1 agonist, DOC for neurogenic shock?

A

Phenlyephrine

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19
Q

Alpha 1 antagonist, used to diagnose pheochromocytoma?

A

Phentolamine

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20
Q

Alpha 1 antagonist, DOC for pheochromocytoma?

A

Phenoxybenzamine

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21
Q

Alpha 1 antagonist, DOC for ED before viagra?

A

Yohimbe

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22
Q

Alpha 1 antagonist, used for hypertension, first dose syncope?

A

Prazosin

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23
Q

Alpha 1 antagonist, first line for BPH?

A

Terazosin

Doxazosin

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24
Q

Alpha 1 antagonist, has fewest side effects in this class?

A

Tamsulosin

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25
Blocks reuptake of catecholamines?
Cocaine | TCA's
26
Promotes the release of catecholamines?
Amphetamines
27
Treatment for amphetamine over dose?
Ammonium chloride
28
Alpha 2 agonist, used in behavioral problems and hypertension, SE: rebound hypertension?
Clonidine
29
Alpha 2 agonist,DOC for hypertension in pregnant female? SE- HA
Alpha Methyldopa
30
Beta 2 agonists, 60% beta 2 40% beta 1, used in asthmatics to cause bronchodilation, SE- tachycardia?
Isoproterenol Levoproterenol Metaproterenol
31
Beta 2 agonists, first line in asthma and COPD?
Albuterol | Terbutaline
32
Beta 2 agonist used in preterm labor?
Terbutaline | Ritodrine
33
Beta 2 agonists, long acting, usually combined with steroid for progressive asthma symptoms?
Salmeterol | Fometerol
34
Specific beta 1 blockers start with?
A-M (not including L or C)
35
beta blockers start with N-Z (including L and C)?
Non-specific beta blockers
36
Beta blocker, longest acting?
Propranolol
37
Beta blocker, shortest acting, used by anesthesiologists?
Esmolol
38
Beta blocker, used in open angle glaucoma?
Timolol | Betaxolol
39
Beta blocker, blocks potassium channels, widened QT interval?
Sotalol
40
Beta blocker, smooth muscle relaxant effects?
Nabivolol
41
Alpha 1, beta 1, beta 2 blockers, tx pheochromocytoma, hypertensive crisis when cant use sodium nitroprusside-pregnant?
Labetolol | Carvedilol
42
Beta blocker, cardio selective, with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity?
Acebutolol
43
Beta blockers, decrease mortality after MI?
Carbedilol Metaprolol Bisoprolol
44
Dopamine blockers that are for anti-emesis in children? Adults?
Promethazine | Perchlorperazine
45
Tx of hypertension, blocks vesiculization of catecholamines?
Reserpine
46
Taken up presynaptically, pushes catecholamines out of their vesicles?
Guanethidine
47
Used for copper and lead poisoning, blocks everything with a 2+ charge?
Penicillamine
48
Used to treat lead and arsenic poisoning?
Dimercaprol (BAL)
49
Chelator that is used for lead poisoning?
EDTA
50
Blocks the SNARES from binding the presynaptic terminal, cannot release neurotransmitter?
Botulin toxin
51
Cardio selective calcium channel blockers?
Verapamil | Diltiazem
52
Decreases vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage, decreases mortality?
Nimodipine
53
Calcium channel blockers
``` Verapamil Diltiazem Nimodipine Nicardipine Femlodipine Amlodipine ```
54
Acute MI Tx?
``` O2 Aspirin Nitrate Heparin Morphine Tpa B-blocker Ace inhibitor Stop metformin/ Ca2+ channel blocker ```
55
Beta 1 agonist raise heart rate and contractility?
Dobutamine
56
Bind D1 receptors, dilate blood vessels in the kidney/GI, bind Beta 1 receptors causing increase in heart rate/contractility?
``` Dopamine Feldopam (Low dose) ```
57
Blocks the Na/K pump by competing with K?
Digitalis
58
Tx of digitalis toxicity?
Digibind | Digifab
59
Aldosterone blockers that decrease mortality in HF?
Spirinolactone | Eplerenone
60
Decreases mortality in blacks with HF?
Nitric oxide
61
ADH blockers?
Conavaptan | Tolvaptan
62
Acetylcholine esterase inhibitor, used for diagnosis of MG, short acting, reversible?
Edrophonium
63
Acetylcholine esterase inhibitor, First line tx for MG? 2nd line, reversible?
Neostigmine Pyridostigmine (Don't use physostigmine because of too many CNS side effects)
64
Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors, irreversible end in what?
Thion (malathion, nalathion, parathion) | Phate (diflorophate, echothiophate)
65
Doc for tx of organophosphate poisoning?
Atropine Then Pralidoxime (2-PAM)
66
DOC for heart block, to dry pulmonary secretions before surgery and cholinergic crisis?
Atropine
67
Also can be used to dry up pulmonary secretions before surgery?
Glycopyrollate
68
Used in Parkinson's for dystonia?
Benztropine
69
Mucolytics used in COPD to dry up secretions?
Guanefesin | N-acetylcystiene

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