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Segment 1 > Neuroloigical Emergenices > Flashcards

Neuroloigical Emergenices Flashcards

1
Q

Cluster headaches

A

Originate in the hypothalamus, our result of abnormal serotonin levels

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2
Q

Infection

A

Can be life-threatening (can come from a viral infection) “ encephalitis “meningitis “

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3
Q

Tension

A

Generalized caused by contraction of muscles of the scalp and neck

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4
Q

Vascular (Migraines )

A

Caused by dilation of cerebral blood vessels
Common with hypertension, may have an aura

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5
Q

Headaches > the brain itself has no pain receptors, so the pain is of stimulating

A

Surrounding tissue

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6
Q

What are CAVs caused by

A

They are caused by a distribution of blood flow to any part of the brain

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7
Q

CVA ‘s = and are what to the heart

A

Cerebral vascular accidents
Cardiotoxic causes the heart to go crazy

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8
Q

Ischemic attack

A

The disruption in blood supply resulting in a lack of oxygen to the brain

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9
Q

Ischemic attacks

A

= 90%

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10
Q

Hemorrhagic attacks =

A

10%

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11
Q

Thrombotic

A

Caused by blood clot occurring at the site of atherosclerosis

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12
Q

Embolus

A

Clot formation occurs at a remote site and brakes, free and travels to the brain (rapid)

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13
Q

Aneurysm

A

Primarily caused by hypertension 220/100
Inner cranial pressure
a rupture of cerebral artery, causing bleeding into the brain

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14
Q

TIAs

A

Are mini strokes with a 30% chance of stroke following
The blockage is brief and there’s no permanent damage
caused by atherosclerosis = the hardening of of the arterio scerosis
Narrowing arites

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15
Q

What do TIA stand for ?

A

Transet Ischemic attack

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16
Q

Fast

A

Facial droop
Arm drift
Speech
Time

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17
Q

Lams score

A

Facial droop none is 0 droop is 1
Arms nine is 0 slow dirt is 1 fast drift is 2
Grip normal 0 weak 1 no grip 2

18
Q

Systoms of CVA’s

A

Paralysis ( can’t make voluntary movements)
Unequal pupils
Can’t see
Facial droop
Can’t speak
Coma
Loss of balance
Down grip strength
Incontinet
( act similar to low blood sugar or drunk )

19
Q

Incntiment

A

Lack of control of urine / bowel movements

20
Q

Paralysis

A

Lack of voluntary muscle movement

21
Q

Treatment for strokes

A

IV 18g right arm AC TKVO
Airway management position can cause them to lose there airway
Position the upper body at a slight elevation to aid is reducing ICP
Head tilt 30 degrees if not sitting
Only give 02 if the SPO2 is under 94%
DW 50 of 12.5 g have to dose repeat once or to get a blood glucose level of 3mmol/L
Call stroke facility

22
Q

AVPU

A

Alert
Verbal
Painful
Unresponsive

23
Q

Alert x 4

A

Person
Place
Time
Event

24
Q

AEIOUTIPS

A

Alcohol, apnea, anaphylactic
Epilepsy
Insulin
Overdose
Uremia ( build up of toxins in your blood )
Trauma
Infection
Poisioning phychiatric
stroke or shock

25
Q

What causes a Seizure

A

When a short circuit happens in your neurons, keep firing

26
Q

Generalized seizure

A

Both hemispheres

27
Q

Partial

A

One part of the brain

28
Q

Barbiturate

A

To treat seizures Requires greater stimulation to cause seizures
Make GABA( lessens nerve cells to revive , send or create chemical messages to other nerve cells )
Valium
Versed

29
Q

Benzothizephines

A

Used to prevent seizures
Dilatin
Tegetol
Phenylbarbitol

30
Q

Postical phase

A

Period where consciousness is regained

31
Q

Status epilepticus

A

Seizures lasting longer than 30 minutes or recurring seizures

32
Q

Aura

A

Feeling a seizure coming on

33
Q

Tonic - clonic ( grand Mal ) ( Full)

A

Is a generalized seizure
Violent jerking
3 to 5 minutes can last up to 30 minutes
Sudden Loss of coordination

34
Q

Absence ( petit -mal )

A

Generalized
Brief periods of abnormal or purposeless behaviour
Spaced out
Few seconds
No memory
Children may grow out of them, or they may developed into tonic clonic seizures

35
Q

Focal “Jacksonian”

A

Presant in a single muscle group
Example vision
No decreasing LOC
No postalictal phase
Partial

36
Q

Complex

A

Aura
Partial
Has altered Loc
Behavioural changes
Can still perform complex tasks, such as walking or driving
No memory of the event
Generally quite short

37
Q

Todd’s paralysis

A

A condition after seizure
Pts postictal stage resembles that of a stroke pt

38
Q

Seizure treatment

A

Protect the patient from hurting themselves
Manage the airway
IV therapy
Call ALS for medication’s
Transport rapidly
Prepare for possible reoccurrence

39
Q

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

A

Muscular dystrophy caused by degeneration motor neurons of the spinal cord
Patience percent wasting away muscles with no effect on mental status

40
Q

Cerebral palsy

A

A disorder that affects a persons, ability to move in maintain balance

41
Q

Parkinson’s

A

I progressive degenerate condition of brain tissue, resulting in tumours loss of motor control in speech difficulty

42
Q

Bruxism

A

Teeth grinding

Segment 1 (9 decks)

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