Neuroloigical Emergenices

Question 1

Cluster headaches

Answer 1

Originate in the hypothalamus, our result of abnormal serotonin levels

Question 2

Infection

Answer 2

Can be life-threatening (can come from a viral infection) “ encephalitis “meningitis “

Question 3

Tension

Answer 3

Generalized caused by contraction of muscles of the scalp and neck

Question 4

Vascular (Migraines )

Answer 4

Caused by dilation of cerebral blood vessels
Common with hypertension, may have an aura

Question 5

Headaches > the brain itself has no pain receptors, so the pain is of stimulating

Answer 5

Surrounding tissue

Question 6

What are CAVs caused by

Answer 6

They are caused by a distribution of blood flow to any part of the brain

Question 7

CVA ‘s = and are what to the heart

Answer 7

Cerebral vascular accidents
Cardiotoxic causes the heart to go crazy

Question 8

Ischemic attack

Answer 8

The disruption in blood supply resulting in a lack of oxygen to the brain

Question 9

Ischemic attacks

Answer 9

= 90%

Question 10

Hemorrhagic attacks =

Answer 10

10%

Question 11

Thrombotic

Answer 11

Caused by blood clot occurring at the site of atherosclerosis

Question 12

Embolus

Answer 12

Clot formation occurs at a remote site and brakes, free and travels to the brain (rapid)

Question 13

Aneurysm

Answer 13

Primarily caused by hypertension 220/100
Inner cranial pressure
a rupture of cerebral artery, causing bleeding into the brain

Question 14

TIAs

Answer 14

Are mini strokes with a 30% chance of stroke following
The blockage is brief and there’s no permanent damage
caused by atherosclerosis = the hardening of of the arterio scerosis
Narrowing arites

Question 15

What do TIA stand for ?

Answer 15

Transet Ischemic attack

Question 16

Fast

Answer 16

Facial droop
Arm drift
Speech
Time

Question 17

Lams score

Answer 17

Facial droop none is 0 droop is 1
Arms nine is 0 slow dirt is 1 fast drift is 2
Grip normal 0 weak 1 no grip 2

Question 18

Systoms of CVA’s

Answer 18

Paralysis ( can’t make voluntary movements)
Unequal pupils
Can’t see
Facial droop
Can’t speak
Coma
Loss of balance
Down grip strength
Incontinet
( act similar to low blood sugar or drunk )

Question 19

Incntiment

Answer 19

Lack of control of urine / bowel movements

Question 20

Paralysis

Answer 20

Lack of voluntary muscle movement

Question 21

Treatment for strokes

Answer 21

IV 18g right arm AC TKVO
Airway management position can cause them to lose there airway
Position the upper body at a slight elevation to aid is reducing ICP
Head tilt 30 degrees if not sitting
Only give 02 if the SPO2 is under 94%
DW 50 of 12.5 g have to dose repeat once or to get a blood glucose level of 3mmol/L
Call stroke facility

Question 22

AVPU

Answer 22

Alert
Verbal
Painful
Unresponsive

Question 23

Alert x 4

Answer 23

Person
Place
Time
Event

Question 24

AEIOUTIPS

Answer 24

Alcohol, apnea, anaphylactic
Epilepsy
Insulin
Overdose
Uremia ( build up of toxins in your blood )
Trauma
Infection
Poisioning phychiatric
stroke or shock

Question 25

What causes a Seizure

Answer 25

When a short circuit happens in your neurons, keep firing

Question 26

Generalized seizure

Answer 26

Both hemispheres

Question 27

Partial

Answer 27

One part of the brain

Question 28

Barbiturate

Answer 28

To treat seizures Requires greater stimulation to cause seizures Make GABA( lessens nerve cells to revive , send or create chemical messages to other nerve cells ) Valium Versed

Question 29

Benzothizephines

Answer 29

Used to prevent seizures Dilatin Tegetol Phenylbarbitol

Question 30

Postical phase

Answer 30

Period where consciousness is regained

Question 31

Status epilepticus

Answer 31

Seizures lasting longer than 30 minutes or recurring seizures

Question 32

Aura

Answer 32

Feeling a seizure coming on

Question 33

Tonic - clonic ( grand Mal ) ( Full)

Answer 33

Is a generalized seizure Violent jerking 3 to 5 minutes can last up to 30 minutes Sudden Loss of coordination

Question 34

Absence ( petit -mal )

Answer 34

Generalized Brief periods of abnormal or purposeless behaviour Spaced out Few seconds No memory Children may grow out of them, or they may developed into tonic clonic seizures

Question 35

Focal “Jacksonian”

Answer 35

Presant in a single muscle group Example vision No decreasing LOC No postalictal phase Partial

Question 36

Complex

Answer 36

Aura Partial Has altered Loc Behavioural changes Can still perform complex tasks, such as walking or driving No memory of the event Generally quite short

Question 37

Todd’s paralysis

Answer 37

A condition after seizure Pts postictal stage resembles that of a stroke pt

Question 38

Seizure treatment

Answer 38

Protect the patient from hurting themselves Manage the airway IV therapy Call ALS for medication’s Transport rapidly Prepare for possible reoccurrence

Question 39

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Answer 39

Muscular dystrophy caused by degeneration motor neurons of the spinal cord Patience percent wasting away muscles with no effect on mental status

Question 40

Cerebral palsy

Answer 40

A disorder that affects a persons, ability to move in maintain balance

Question 41

Parkinson’s

Answer 41

I progressive degenerate condition of brain tissue, resulting in tumours loss of motor control in speech difficulty

Question 42

Bruxism

Answer 42

Teeth grinding