Neurology

Question 1

Lewy body dementia

Answer 1

fluctuating cognition, recurrent visual hallucinations, and parkinsonism. Cognitive fluctuations include variations in both attention and level of arousal and can vary hour to hour, day to day, or week to week

Question 2

frontotemporal dementia (FTD).

Answer 2

FTD typically involves an alteration in personality and behavior that develops years before the onset of cognitive impairment; altered behaviors typically manifest as obsessive-compulsive tendencies, impulsivity, apathy, impaired judgment, emotional coldness, disinhibition, excessive spending, and excessive eating, particularly of high-calorie, nonnutritional foods.

Question 3

Dementia associated with ALS

Answer 3

Frontotemporal dementia

Question 4

Classic features of serotonin syndrome

Answer 4

include hyperthermia, tremor, hyperreflexia and clonus; treatment is mainly supportive, using benzodiazepines as needed to keep the patient calm and to control blood pressure and heart rate.

Question 5

Serotonin syndrome vs NMS

Answer 5

Serotonin intake vs antipsychotic
Myoclonus and hyperreflexia vs
NMS Rigidity with hyporeflexia is more common, rather than hyperreflexia and myoclonus in serotonin syndrome. Hyperthermia, altered mental status, and rigidity are features of both syndromes. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome usually takes many days to resolve, whereas serotonin syndrome usually resolves within 24 hours.