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Obs & Gyny - Risk Factors > Neurology > Flashcards

Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

Symptoms of raised ICP

A

Headache, papilloedema, vomiting

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2
Q

DANISH

A

Dysdiadokinesia & dysmetria Ataxia Nystagmus Intention tremor Slurred speech Hypotonia

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3
Q

Brown sequard

A

Ipsilateral motor weakness Ipsilateral loss of touch Contralateral pain & temperature

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4
Q

Central cord syndrome symptoms

A

More weakness in upper versus lower limbs Varying level of sensation below level of lesion Possibly micturition difficulties

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5
Q

Myasthenia Gravis

A

Ptosis Fatigue Double vision Decreased strength Fasciculations

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6
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

Communicating vs non-communicating Congenital - agenesis of foramen of monroe Acquired - Tumours, aqueduct stenosis

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7
Q

Normal pressure hydrocephalus

A

Wet (incontinence) Wacky (confusion) Wobbly (gait distrurbance)

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8
Q

Multisystem atrophy

A

Wet & wibbly wobbly Ataxia, postural hypotension, incontinence

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9
Q

Supranuclear palsy

A

Wobbly (bradykinsea) Winky (ophthalmoplegia)

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10
Q

Parkinson’s Plus Syndromes

A

MSA SNP Dementia with Lewybodies

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11
Q

Most common primary brain tumour

A

Glioma Then astrocytoma

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12
Q

Signs of coning (4)

A

CN VI palsy (stretches over brain stem) Upgoing plantars Cheynes stoke respiration (progressively deeper, then faster, then slower breathing) Cushigns reflex - High BP

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13
Q

How to manage raised ICP (4)

A

Raised head of the bed to 45*C Neuroprotective hyperventilation (CO2 blow-off constricts cerebral vessels) IV mannitol Dexamethasone (if SOL)

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14
Q

Management acute dystonia

A

Procyclidine IM - antimuscarinic

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15
Q

Sign of venous sinus thrombosis on CT

A

Empty Delta sign

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16
Q

Botulism symptoms

A

Blurred vision Difficulty speaking & swallowing

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17
Q

Name three drugs that reduce seizure threshold

A

Amitriptyline Metronidazole Antidepressants

18
Q

Give three none tumour causes of Spinal Cord Compression

A

Trauma Haematoma Advanced spondylosis

19
Q

Man with SCC presents with low blood pressure & slow heart rate

A

Neurogenic shock due to lesions above T6 damaging the sympathetic pathway

20
Q

Two causes of RAPD

A

Optic neuritis Acute ischaemic optic neuropathy

21
Q

MS 2x classic symptoms

A

Uhtoff phenomena - vision gets worse with increased temperatures Bilateral intranuclear opthalmoplegia

22
Q

Two treatments for neurogenic shock

A

Dopamine ADH

23
Q

What is intranuclear ophthalmoplegia?

A

A lesion in the medial longitudinal fasiculus connecting CN3 and CN6, resulting in failure of adduction of affected eye and nystagmus in contralateral

24
Q

Give four investigations for MS

A

BLOODS: - FBC, Inflammatory markers, U&E, LFT, TFT, glucose, HIV serology, calcium and B12 levels - anti-myelin basic protein autoantibodies Other fluids: - rise in total protein with increase in immunoglobulin concentration with presence of oligoclonal case X: MRI for sclerotic plaques of CN Electrophysiology: Demyelination detection

25
Q

Management of MS Acute Chronic

A

Acute - methylprednisolone Chronic - DMARDS, Interferon beta • 2 relapses in past 2 yrs • able to walk 100m unaided

26
Q

Atypical features of MS (worse prognosis)

A
  • Primary Progressive MS - Male - Age >40 - motor syptoms @ presentaiton - early relapses - incomplete remissions
27
Q

Contraindications to lumbar puncture

A

Try LP Unless ContraINdicated Thrombocytopenia <50 Late - ABx would be delayed Pressure - RICP Unstable - CV/resp sx Coagulation disorder Infection at LP site Neurology

28
Q

Lumbar puncture meningitis

A

Glucose low everything else high

29
Q

Long term complications of meningitis

A

Sensorineural hearing loss

30
Q

First sign Cervical syringomyelia

A

Loss of pain/temp in cape distribution

31
Q

MG links

A

Grave’s disease Thymus disease

32
Q

Ptosis test

A

Apply ice to eyelid in MG, should stay open

33
Q

MG management

A

Corticosteroids (pred) & pyridostigmine (anticholinesterase inhibitor)

34
Q

Paraneoplastic MG symptoms

A

Lambert Eaton myasthenic syndrome -> Occurs in paraneoplastic syndrome due to anti-voltage gated calcium channel autoantibody production

35
Q

Migraine management

A

o Migraine  Sumitriptan – acute!!  Topimarate

36
Q

peripheral neuropathy causes

A
  • Diabetic neuropathy - Alcohol neuropathy - B12 deficiency - Uraemia - Syphillis
37
Q

Management acute seizure

A

A-E – recovery position IV lorazepam 4mg – 10-minute interval Escalate IV phenytoin 18mg/kg, rapid sequence induction & intubate, ITU

38
Q

Management GUillan Barre

A

IV IG Intubation

39
Q

Most common type of MND

A

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

40
Q

Management MND

41
Q

Management of spasticity

Obs & Gyny - Risk Factors (18 decks)

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