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$$MS3 > Neurology > Flashcards

Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

Dose of Ativan?

A

0.1mg/kg

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2
Q

What would happen to the FVC for GBS? and what test are used to test for GBS? how is it presented?

A

Decrease/CSF first then electromyography

Days or weeks after infection/usually with autonomic dysfunction (tachy/arrhythmia/urinary retention)

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3
Q

What kind of protein would you find in the CSF of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease?

A

14-3-3 protein

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4
Q

Weber and Benedikt syndrome

A

Posterior cerebral artery—>CN III palsy

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5
Q

Young ppl have stroke, what to look for?

A

Hypercoagulable state/vasculitis

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6
Q

Pt has a stroke while on aspirin, come to hospital more than 3 hours, what to add?

A

Dipyridamole

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7
Q

Asymptomatic aneurysm under 5mm?

A

Leave it alone

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8
Q

Pt has a stroke with increased ICP comes in 5 hours after the onset, what to do?

A

Permissive HTN to perfuse the brain

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9
Q

Straight leg raise is testing for myelopathy or radiculopathy

A

Radiculopathy

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10
Q

What to give with acute myelopathy?

A

Dexamethasone

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11
Q

IV drug user with fever and back pain?

A

Epidural abscess

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12
Q

GBS has any sensory loss?

A

No

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13
Q

Age onset for frontaltemporal dementia

A

40-60

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14
Q

Symptoms of medial and lateral cerebella lesions?

A

Medial—>vertigo and nystagmus

Lateral—>ataxia/dizziness/sway to side of lesion

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15
Q

Signs of spinal cord compression?

A

Lower back pain at night/bilateral weakness and sensory loss

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16
Q

Dejerine-Roussy syndrome?

A

Thalamic pain syndrome—>severe burning pain follow thalamic stroke

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17
Q

Mononeuritis multiplex

A

asymmetric neuropathy with multiple nerves
associated with vasculitis
Low complement/purpura

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18
Q

Wallenberg syndrome

A

Lateral medulla infarction (PICA or vertebral)
Ipsilateral Horner/hoarseness/dysphagia
Ipsilateral loss of pain and temp on face and contra on limbs (similar to PCA)
Dizziness and unsteadiness

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19
Q

Hyperostosis of skull, what tumor?

A

Meningioma

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20
Q

Language deficits of Alzheimer’s

A

Transcortical sensory aphasia—>can’t understand complex linguistic structure
Decrease in fluency

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21
Q

Location of Lewy bodies

A

Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies

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22
Q

Long term tx for MS?

A

Interferon beta/glatiramer

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23
Q

optic neuritis

A 
Demylination of optic nerve 
Unilateral loss of vision/central vision loss or any other kind
eye pain with movement 
Change in color perception 
MS/lupus 
Tx--->IV steroid
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24
Q

Vertebrobasilar artery occlusion

A

Vertigo (dizziness)

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25
Q

Straight leg raise test for?

A

Herniated disc

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26
Q

Vegetarian/bowel disease, think?

A

Subacute combined degeneration

UMN lesion/mental change

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27
Q

Lambert Eaton

A

Proximal muscle weakness/ptosis/diplopia

28
Q

Meds for Meniere disease

A

Meclizine (1st gen antihistamine) and scopolamine (anti M)

Low salt diet/diuretics

29
Q

Complication of CSF leak

A

S. pneumoniae meningitis

30
Q

Tethered cord syndrome adult

A

Back/leg pain/scoliosis

31
Q

Cause of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

A

Otolith in semicircular canal

32
Q

Cavernous sinus thrombosis?

Can lead to?

A

fever/retro-orbital headache/swollen protruding eye/CN346 palsy
lead to intracranial HTN (papilledema)

33
Q

Midbrain stroke?

A

Ipsilateral CN III palsy/ataxia

Contra weakness

34
Q

Subacute combined generation symptoms

A

progressive symmetrical polyneuropathy more in legs than arms
loss of proprioception—>gait ataxia
UMN signs

35
Q

Cholesteatoma

A

Overgrowth of keratinizing squamous epithelium
Ear discharge
White plaque on tympanic membrane

36
Q

Anterior cord syndrome caused by?

A

Burst fracture of vertebra

37
Q

What to give with acute migraine pt with nausea and vomiting?

A

IV antiemetics (chlorpromazine/prochlorperazine/metoclopramide)

38
Q

Pure motor stroke, what kind of stroke is it?

A

Lacunar stroke of posterior limb of internal capsule from HTN

39
Q

Tx for GBS?

A

IV immunogloblin and plasmapheresis

40
Q

Difference between seizure and syncope

A

Syncope has prodrome like lightheadness/weak pulses
Seizure has aura (vision usually)
Sleep deprivation can cause seizure

41
Q

What is preserved with brain dead pt?

A

Deep tendon reflexes

42
Q

Headache leaning forward/cough/Valsalva

A

increase ICP

43
Q

Chronic alcohol abuser

A

Intention tremor (cerebellar dysfunction)

44
Q

Otosclerosis

A

Hereditary conductive hearing loss in late teens

Ankylosis of stapedial foot plate

45
Q

How do you know it is spondylosis? use what to image?

A

Limited ROM/Spurling test/Lhermitte sign

X ray

46
Q

Pt is on anticoagulation, brain bleed, stop anticoagulation, what to do next?

A

IVC filter to prevent emboli from stopping the anticoagulation

47
Q

Tx for Huntington

A

Tetrabenazine

48
Q

Tx for intact functional state below or over 60 of age of Parkinson pt

A

anticholinergic for movement

>60 —>amantadine

49
Q

Parkinson + vertical gaze palsy
Parkinson + ataxia
Parkinson + orthostatic HoTN

A

Progressive supranuclear palsy (no tremor)
Olivopontocerebellar atrophy
Shy-Drager syndrome

50
Q

What drug slow the progression of Alzheimer’s disease?

A

Memantine

51
Q

Does steroid help with GBS?

A

NOOOOOOOOOO

52
Q

Steroid for ICH?

A

NOOOOO

53
Q

Tx for Tourette’s

A

Clonidine

1st gen antipsychotic

54
Q

Antipsychotic makes it worse

A

Lewy body dementia

55
Q

What drug is for secondary progressive MS?

A

Mitoxantrone

56
Q

Tx for DMD?

A

Steroid

57
Q

NF1, you see?

A

Cafe au lait
Cutenaous neurofibroma
Lisch Nodules
Freckling

58
Q

Tuberous sclerosis, you see?

A

epilepsy
renal angiomyolipoma
rhadomyoma of the heart

59
Q

Capillary angiomatoses of pia matter?

A

Sturge weber syndrome

60
Q

Tx for vasvagal syncope

A

Beta blocker/disopyramide

61
Q

Difference between partial/generalized

simple/complex

A

Partial—>one part of brain
Generalized—>entire (convulsive)
Simple—>no LOC
Complex—>LOC

62
Q

Is absence seizure partial or generalized seizure?

A

Generalized

63
Q

MOA of metoclopramide

A

D2 antagonist (anti psychotic)

64
Q

Kernig and Brudinski sign?

A

Kernig-flex thigh 90 degree. Extend of leg cause pain. Inflammation of hamstring

Brudinski-neck flexion causes leg flexion

Both indicate meningitis

65
Q

What besides GBS causes autonomic dysfunction? And how do you test for it?

A

Botulism

Mouse bioassay

66
Q

Central cord syndrome

A

Hyperextension

Affect spinothalamic and corticalspinal tract

67
Q

TIA time limit

A

24 hours

$$MS3 (8 decks)

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