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CLINICAL YR: Gen Surgery > Neurology 5% > Flashcards

Neurology 5% Flashcards

1
Q

(RR)

intracranial hematomas - what is the initial diagnostic imaging test of choice?

A

NONCONTRAST CT SCAN

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2
Q

(RR)

What appears on a noncontrast CT scan as a CONCAVE, CRESCENT-SHAPED HYPODENISTY?

A

chronic subdural hematoma

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3
Q

(RR)

How does an acute subdural hematoma appear on noncontrast CT scan?

A

CONCAVE, CRESCENT-SHAPED HYPERDENSITY

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4
Q

(RR)

A convex, lens-shaped hyperdensity on noncontrast CT is associated with what kind of hematoma?

A

EPIDURAL HEMATOMA

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5
Q

(RR)

What is an epidural hematoma?

A

bleed b/w the skull and dura due to disruption of the MIDDLE MENINGEAL ARTERY most commonly from a head injury involving a skull fracture

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6
Q

(RR)

five RF for subdural hematoma

A 
TRAUMATIC HEAD INJURY
COAGULOPATHY
advancing age
anticoagulant use
thrombocytopenia
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7
Q

(RR)

what causes subdural hematoma?

A

tearing of the bridging veins b/w arachnoid and dura

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8
Q

(RR)

Dx of subdural hematoma is made by…..?

A

crescent-shaped hematoma on noncontrast CT

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9
Q

(RR)

s/s of subdural hematoma

A

acute or subacute neuro symptoms

HA
AMS
SZs
focal deficits

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10
Q

(RR)

management of subdural hematoma

A

neurosurgical consultation
bp control
reversal of anticoagulation

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11
Q

(RR)

What are the three subtypes of stroke?

A

intracerebral hemorrhage
subarachnoid hemorrhage
brain ischemia

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12
Q

(RR)
72 y/o pt with vision loss in R eye, numbness of R side of face, sensory loss of R side of face, R arm, R half of trunk, trouble recalling names of objects, no weakness. She can describe an object but cannot name it. CT shows ischemic stroke. What is most likely location of stroke?

A

posterior cerebral artery

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13
Q

(RR)

presentation of middle cerebral artery occlusion

A

hemiplegia of contralateral side affecting lower part of face, arm, hand, but sparing the leg

contralateral sensory loss in same areas

contralateral homonymous hemianopia

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14
Q

(RR)

elevated intracranial pressure in the absence of CSF and intracranial pathology

A

idiopathic intracranial hypertension

aka pseudotumor cerebri

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15
Q

(RR)

mainstay of pharm treatment for idiopathic intracranial HTN

A

acetazolamide

but use topiramate when a HA is prominent (useful for pts on migraine prophylaxis)

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16
Q 
(RR)
what has these common s/s:
retro-orbital HA
vision loss
diplopia
pulse-synchronous tinnitus
n/v

and positions that increase intracranial pressure aggravate the symptoms!

A

idiopathic intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri)

17
Q

(RR)

PE findings of idiopathic intracranial hypertension

A

bilateral papilledema
CN VI palsy

elevated opening pressure on LP

CLINICAL YR: Gen Surgery (8 decks)

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