Neurology Flashcards
what is the peripheral nervous system?
- everything but the brain and spinal cord
- Schwann cells
what is the central nervous system?
- brain and spinal cord
- oligodendrocytes
what is the somatic nervous system?
- moving your muscles
what is the parasympathetic system?
- rest and digest…
- slows stuff down
how does parasympathetic system behave?
DUMBBELS ...
D: digest ...
U: urination ...
M: myosis ...
B: bradycardia ...
B: bronchoconstriction ...
E: erection ("point") ...
L: lacrimation
S: salivation
controls cranial-sacral divisions
what is the sympathetic system?
- fight or flight …
- speeds stuff up
how does the sympathetic system behave?
opposite of parasympathetic (opposite of DUMBBELS) ...
D: constipation ...
U:urinary retention ...
M: mydriasis ...
B: tachycardia ...
B: bronchodilation ...
E: ejaculation ("shoot") ...
L: xerophthalmia (dry eyes) ...
S: xerophstomia (dry mouth) ...
controls thoraco-lumbar division
what is Cushing’s triad?
- hypertension …
- bradycardia …
- irregular breathing …
indicates ICP
what is Budd-Chiari?
- hepatic vein obstruction
- pain
- ascites
- larger liver size
- encephalopathy
what is Arnold-Chiari?
- foramen magnum obstuction
- non-communicating hydrocephalus
what is anencephaly?
- notochord didn’t make contact with the brain …
- only have medulla
what is encephalocele?
- CSF herniation
- big CSF bay on head
what is a Dandy Walker malformation?
- no cerebellum
- distended 4th and lateral ventricles
what is an Arnold-Chiari malformation?
- herniation of cerebellum through foramen magnum …
- type I: cerebellar tonsils (asx) …
- type II: cerebellar vermis/medulla => hydrocephalus & syringomyelia
(loss of pain/temp)
what is spina bifida occulta?
- covered by skin with tuft of hair
what is spina bifida aperta?
- neural tube defect (high AFP, AchE)
what is a meningocele?
- sacral pocket with meninges in it
what is a meningomyelocele?
- sacral pocket with meninges and nerves in it or cord
what is open-angle glaucoma?
- overproduction of fluid
- painless ipsilateral dilated pupil & gradual tunnel vision
- optic disc cupping
what is closed-angle glaucoma?
- obstruction of the canal of Schlemm
- sudden onset
- pain
- emergency
what are the watershed areas?
- hippocampus
- splenic ffflexure
what bug loves the frontal lobe?
- Rubella
what bug loves the temporal lobe?
- HSV
what bug loves the parietal lobe?
- Toxoplasma
