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PP Clues > Neurology > Flashcards

Neurology Flashcards

0
Q

what is the peripheral nervous system?

A
  • everything but the brain and spinal cord

- Schwann cells

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1
Q

what is the central nervous system?

A
  • brain and spinal cord

- oligodendrocytes

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2
Q

what is the somatic nervous system?

A
  • moving your muscles
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3
Q

what is the parasympathetic system?

A
  • rest and digest…

- slows stuff down

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4
Q

how does parasympathetic system behave?

A 
DUMBBELS ...
D: digest ...
U: urination ...
M: myosis ...
B: bradycardia ...
B: bronchoconstriction  ...
E: erection ("point") ...
L: lacrimation 
S: salivation

controls cranial-sacral divisions

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5
Q

what is the sympathetic system?

A
  • fight or flight …

- speeds stuff up

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6
Q

how does the sympathetic system behave?

A 
opposite of parasympathetic (opposite of DUMBBELS) ...
D: constipation ...
U:urinary retention ...
M: mydriasis ...
B: tachycardia ...
B: bronchodilation ...
E: ejaculation ("shoot") ...
L: xerophthalmia (dry eyes) ...
S: xerophstomia (dry mouth) ...

controls thoraco-lumbar division

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7
Q

what is Cushing’s triad?

A
  • hypertension …
  • bradycardia …
  • irregular breathing …
    indicates ICP
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8
Q

what is Budd-Chiari?

A
  • hepatic vein obstruction
  • pain
  • ascites
  • larger liver size
  • encephalopathy
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9
Q

what is Arnold-Chiari?

A
  • foramen magnum obstuction

- non-communicating hydrocephalus

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10
Q

what is anencephaly?

A
  • notochord didn’t make contact with the brain …

- only have medulla

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11
Q

what is encephalocele?

A
  • CSF herniation

- big CSF bay on head

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12
Q

what is a Dandy Walker malformation?

A
  • no cerebellum

- distended 4th and lateral ventricles

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13
Q

what is an Arnold-Chiari malformation?

A
  • herniation of cerebellum through foramen magnum …
  • type I: cerebellar tonsils (asx) …
  • type II: cerebellar vermis/medulla => hydrocephalus & syringomyelia
    (loss of pain/temp)
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14
Q

what is spina bifida occulta?

A
  • covered by skin with tuft of hair
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15
Q

what is spina bifida aperta?

A
  • neural tube defect (high AFP, AchE)
16
Q

what is a meningocele?

A
  • sacral pocket with meninges in it
17
Q

what is a meningomyelocele?

A
  • sacral pocket with meninges and nerves in it or cord
18
Q

what is open-angle glaucoma?

A
  • overproduction of fluid
  • painless ipsilateral dilated pupil & gradual tunnel vision
  • optic disc cupping
19
Q

what is closed-angle glaucoma?

A
  • obstruction of the canal of Schlemm
  • sudden onset
  • pain
  • emergency
20
Q

what are the watershed areas?

A
  • hippocampus

- splenic ffflexure

21
Q

what bug loves the frontal lobe?

A
  • Rubella
22
Q

what bug loves the temporal lobe?

A
  • HSV
23
Q

what bug loves the parietal lobe?

A
  • Toxoplasma
24
Q

what bug loves the hippocampus?

A
  • Rabies
25
Q

what bug loves the posterior fossa?

A
  • TB
26
Q

what bug loves the DCML tract?

A
  • Treponema
27
Q

how do migraines present?

A
  • aura
  • photophobia
  • numbness and tingling
  • throbbing headache, nausea
  • pulsatile
  • 1 day
  • unilateral
28
Q

how do tension headaches present?

A
  • “band-like” pain starts in posterior neck
  • worse as day progresses
  • sleep disturbance
  • dull pain
  • no nausea or vomiting
29
Q

how do cluster headaches present?

A
  • rhinorrhea
  • unilateral orbital pain
  • suicidal
  • facial flushing
  • worse when lying down
  • middle of the night
30
Q

how does temporal arteritis present?

A
  • pain with chewing

- blind in one eye (emergency)

31
Q

how does trigeminal neuralgia present?

A
  • sharp, shooting face pain
32
Q

what are 2 kinds of partial seizures?

A
  • simple (aware)

- complex (unaware)

33
Q

what are the 3 kinds of generalized seizures?

A
  • tonic-clonic
  • absence
  • status epilepticus

PP Clues (2 decks)

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