Neurological Organisation

Question 1

What does neurons mean?

Answer 1

Neurons are nerve cells which transmit nerve impulses from one part of the body to another

Question 2

What does nerves mean?

Answer 2

Nerves are a bundle of neurons (nerve cells)

Question 3

What does interneurons mean?

Answer 3

Interneurons transmit nerve impulses from sensory neurons to motor neurons

Question 4

What is a sensory neuron?

Answer 4

Sensory neurons carry nerve impulses from receptors to the brain and spinal cord

Question 5

What is a motor neuron?

Answer 5

Motor neurons carry nerve impulses away from the brain and spinal column to effectors (muscles or glands)

Question 6

What is an effector?

Answer 6

Muscles or glands

Question 7

What is a receptor?

Answer 7

Sense organs

Question 8

What is an axon?

Answer 8

Axons carry nerve impulses away from the cell body

Question 9

What is a cell body?

Answer 9

The cell body contains the nucleus and many other cell organelles

Question 10

What are an axon terminals?

Answer 10

Axon terminals are at the end of the axon that contacts either the dendrites of the next neuron or the effector that the neuron activates

Question 11

What are dendrites?

Answer 11

Dendrites receive messages from other neurons and carry them towards the cell body

Question 12

What does the acronym CNS stand for?

Answer 12

Central nerve system

Question 13

What is another name for action potential?

Answer 13

Nerve impulses

Question 14

What is the Myelin Sheath?

Answer 14

The myelin sheath is a fatty material that wraps around the axon of sensory and motor neurons. It Speeds up transmission of the nerve impulse, insulates the neuron, and protects the neuron (SIP)

Question 15

What is synapse?

Answer 15

The junction where to neurons meet

Question 16

What is a pre-synaptic neuron?

Answer 16

The neuron before the synapse

Question 17

What are post-synaptic neurons?

Answer 17

The neurons after the synapse

Question 18

What is a synaptic cleft?

Answer 18

The gap between two neurons

Question 19

What is a neurotransmitter?

Answer 19

Chemicals used to transport, an action potential (nerve impulse) across the synapse

Question 20

What is a vesicle?

Answer 20

A vesicle is a membrane bound sac that, in nerve cells, contain chemicals called neurotransmitters

Question 21

What is the central nervous system?

Answer 21

It is the control centre consisting of your brain and spinal cord

Question 22

What is the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 22

It is made up of the nerves that connect the CNS with receptors, muscles and glands

Question 23

What is the spinal cord?

Answer 23

The spinal-cord is a cylindrical structure that runs down the bony vertebral column

Question 24

What is the somatic nervous system?

Answer 24

The somatic nervous system is a subdivision of the peripheral nervous system. Every deliberate conscious action a person makes involves neurons in the somatic nervous system. It is also referred to as the voluntary nervous system.

Question 25

What is the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 25

The autonomic nervous system regulates the function of internal involuntary organs, such as the heart, lungs, and bladder.

Question 26

What is the sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 26

The sympathetic nervous system controls fight, or Flight stress responses

Question 27

What is the parasympathetic nervous system?

Answer 27

The parasympathetic nervous system regulate rest and digest functions.

Question 28

What is action potential?

Answer 28

Nerve impulses (action potentials) travel down neurons like electricity at very high speeds