Neurological disorders: Brain Lesions Flashcards
What is CVA?
Cerebral vascular Accident or stroke
What are some causes of stroke?
One. A non-traumatic brain injury resulting from a temporary or permanent occlusion of cerebral blood vessels
Two. A rupture (aneurysm) it can have similar result
Three. Stroke before, during or shortly after birth is typically defined as cerebral palsy
What is the typical cause of cerebral palsy?
Cerebral palsy is a stroke before, during or shortly after birth
Etiology of stroke
The brain tissue supplied by the occluded vessels does not receive oxygen and dies
Name two types of cerebral cortical strokes:
Ischemic: comprise of blood flow
hemorrhagic: bleeding in the brain or dural space around the brain
Brainstem stroke affects:
Cranial nerves, bulbar nuclei, tracts and the Dula
What is locked-in syndrome?
It’s a stroke in the pond teen area; severe physical disability
Was the percentage of people who generally survive a stroke?
80%
What factors determine recovery from stroke?
Depends on the individual and degree of brain damage
When is recovery most significant for stroke?
In the first six months
Name six cognitive deficits resulting from stroke
Various levels of consciousness memory loss short attention span disorientation decreased judgment press enter difficulty learning new tasks
What visual deficits occur after stroke?
Decreased visual field double vision decreased acuity homonymous hemianopsia perceptual deficits
Name six results of left stroke
Right hemiplegia aphasia poor motor planning for math slow at tasks
Name six results from stroke on the right side of the brain
Left hemiplegia visual field cuts perceptual problems left neglect, denial impulsivity emotional lability
Name three repositioning applications to be used after stroke
Postural support to reduce lean to affected side
support affected arm
comfort
Stroke: name four mobility applications
Quad cane
Walker
manual wheelchair with one arm drive or one hand and 1 foot propulsion
power wheelchair
What ADL equipment can help stroke survivor?
Reacher
shower chair
raised toilet seat
What computer equipment can be used for stroke survivor?
One-handed access
smaller keyboard
standard mouse
What the EADLs as can be helpful for stroke survivor?
Cordless phone and remote control on half tray on wheelchair
large button universal remote
What home accommodations could be made to assist a stroke survivor?
Ramp at home entrance
will wheelchair folds and goes into trunk
What is the definition of traumatic brain injury (TBI)?
Damage to brain due to sudden injury
What are some causes of traumatic brain injury?
Near drowning attempted hanging difficult for alcohol abuse shaken baby syndrome
When does the largest recovery rate occurred after brain injury?
Within the first two years
Define amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Degeneration or complete loss of motor neurons in the brain stem and spinal cord
What are the two types of ALS and what are their etiology?
Sporadic ALS which has an unknown etiology
familiar ALS which is hereditary - 5 to 10% of cases
Define muscular dystrophy ((MD)
is a group of muscle diseases that weaken the musculoskeletal system and hamper locomotion
