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psyc210 > neurological disorders > Flashcards

neurological disorders Flashcards

1
Q

what are symptoms of Parkinson’s disease?

A
  • body tremors when at rest commonly in hands/fingers
  • bradykinesia
  • hypokinesia
  • akinesia
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2
Q

which symptom of PD manifests as slow movement?

A

bradykinesia

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3
Q

which symptom of PD manifests as decreased amplitude of movement?

A

hypokinesia

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4
Q

which symptom of PD manifests as disrupted ability to initiate movement?

A

akinesia

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5
Q

what causes Parkinson’s disease?

A

loss of dopamine from the substantia nigra to the basal ganglia

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6
Q

pharmacological treatments for PD include …

A

L-DOPA which is the precursor of dopamine that is permeable to the blood brain barrier

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7
Q

non-pharmacological treatments for PD include …

A

deep brain stimulation that targets the subthalamic nucleus and GP internal

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8
Q

what are symptoms of Huntington’s disease?

A
  • sudden jerky, involuntary movements throughout the body
  • severe balance/coordination problems
  • jerky, rapid eye movements
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9
Q

what causes Huntington’s disease?

A

inheritance of a single abnormal gene resulting in the degeneration of cells in the basal ganglia

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10
Q

Someone who has Huntington’s disease is experiencing a disruption of dopamine through their …

A

indirect pathway

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11
Q

what is a seizure?

A

a strong and brief surge of electrical activity in the brain

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12
Q

type of seizure that is confined to one brain region

A

focal seizure

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13
Q

type of seizure that starts synchronously across multiple brain regions

A

primary generalized

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14
Q

type of seizure that starts as focal and then spreads to other areas of the brain

A

secondary generalized

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15
Q

what are the four stages of a seizure?

A
  1. prodrome/aura
  2. ictal
  3. post-ictal
  4. interictal
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16
Q

classification of seizure that results in sporadic muscle contraction

A

myoclonic

17
Q

classification of seizure that results in muscle stiffness

A

tonic

18
Q

classification of seizure that results in repetitive jerking movements

A

clonic

19
Q

classification of seizure that results in loss of muscle tone

A

atonic

20
Q

classification of seizure that results in a brief loss of consciousness

A

absence

21
Q

Having 2 or more spontaneous or unprovoked seizures separated in time could be a sign of what ?

A

epilepsy

22
Q

what is electroencephalography? (EEG)

A

a method of measuring brain activity by placing electrodes on the scalp

psyc210 (11 decks)

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