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7 - CLET Lab > Neurological Diagnosis: Reflexes > Flashcards

Neurological Diagnosis: Reflexes Flashcards

1
Q

McCarthy Reflex

A
  • Abnormal Response: Contraction of the orbicularis occuli muscle upon percussion of supraorbital ridge (glabella)
    • Indicates: Upper motor neuron lesion in the head
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2
Q

Indirect Light Reflex

A
  • Response: Contralateral pupillary constriction when light is shined in the eye
  • Afferent: Optic Nerve II (ipsilateral)
  • Efferent: Oculomotor Nerve III (contralateral)
  • Integrating Center: Midbrain
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3
Q

Hoffman Reflex

A
  • Abnormal Response: Clawing of the fingers (flexion) and thumb (flexion and adduction) upon flicking tip of index finger into extension
    • Indicates: Upper motor neuron lesion of the upper extremity
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4
Q

Ciliospinal Reflex

A
  • Response: Pupillary dilation when examiner pinches the base of the neck at the cervical sympathetic chain
  • Afferent: Cervical Sympathetic Chain
  • Efferent: Cervical Sympatheic Chain
  • Integrating Center: T1-T2 Spinal Cord
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5
Q

Pharyngeal Reflex

A
  • Response: Gagging upon touching the back of the throat with a tongue depressor
  • Afferent: Glossopharyngeal Nerve IX
  • Efferent: Vagus Nerve X
  • Integrating Center: Medulla
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6
Q

Uvular Reflex

A
  • Response: Raising of the uvula upon phonation or touching with a tongue depressor
  • Afferent: Glossopharyngeal Nerve IX
  • Efferent: Vagus Nerve X
  • Integrating Center: Medulla
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7
Q

Babinski Reflex

A
  • Abnormal Response: Dorsiflexion of the big toe and fanning or splaying of other toes upon stimulation of the plantar surface of the foot
    • Indicates: Upper motor neuron lesion of the lower extremity
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8
Q

Direct Light Reflex

A
  • Response: Ipsilateral pupillary constriction with light is shined in the eye
  • Afferent: Optic Nerve II (ipsilateral)
  • Efferent: Oculomotor Nerve III (ipsilateral)
  • Integrating Center: Midbrain
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9
Q

Carotid Sinus Reflex

A
  • Response: Reduction in heart rate when examiner presses the carotid sinus
  • Afferent: Glossopharyngeal Nerve IX
  • Efferent: Vagus Nerve X
  • Integrating Center: Medulla
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10
Q

Gordon Sign

A

Squeezing the calf

  • Positive: Dorsiflexion of the big toe and fanning or splaying of other toes upon squeezing the calf
    • Indicates: Upper motor neuron lesion of the lower extremity
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11
Q

Gag Reflex

A
  • Response: Gagging upon touching the back of the throat with a tongue depressor
  • Afferent: Glossopharyngeal Nerve IX
  • Efferent: Vagus Nerve X
  • Integrating Center: Medulla
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12
Q

Plantar Reflex

A
  • Response: Plantarflexion (curing) of toes upon stroking the sole of foot
  • Afferent: Tibial Nerve
  • Efferent: Tibial Nerve
  • Integrating Center: Spinal Cord S1-S2
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13
Q

Schaefer Sign

A
  • Positive: Dorsiflexion of the big toe and fanning or splaying of other toes upon squeezing the achilles tendon
    • Indicates: Upper motor neuron lesion of the lower extremity
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14
Q

Glabella Reflex

A
  • Abnormal Response: Contraction of orbicularis occuli muscle upon percussion of supraorbital ridge (glabella)
    • Indicates: Upper motor neuron lesion in the head
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15
Q

Corneal Reflex

A
  • Response: Blinking and tearing of the eye upon touching the cornea with a cotton wisp
  • Afferent: Trigeminal Nerve V
  • Efferent: Facial Nerve VII
  • Integrating Center: Pons
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16
Q

Abdominal Reflex

A
  • Response: Umbilicus deviates to the stoked side. Absence is normal only if bilateral
  • Afferent: Upper T7-T10, Lower T11-T12
  • Efferent: Upper T7-T10, Lower T11-T12
  • Integrating Center: Spinal Cord T7-T12
17
Q

Chaddock Sign

A
  • Positive: Dorsiflexion of the big toe and fanning or splaying of other toes upon stroking down the lateral leg around the lateral malleolus
  • Indicates: Upper motor neuron lesion of the lower extremity
18
Q

Palateal Reflex

A
  • Response: Raising of the uvula upon phonation or touching with a tongue depressor
  • Afferent: Glossopharyngeal Nerve IX
  • Efferent: Vagus Nerve X
  • Integrating Center: Medulla
19
Q

Interscapular Reflex

A
  • Response: Drawing inward of scapula when skin or interscapular space is irritated
  • Afferent: T2-T7 Spinal Nerves
  • Efferent: Dorsal Scapular Nerve
  • Integrating Center: T2-T7 Spinal Cord
20
Q

Oppenheim Sign

A
  • Positive: Dorsiflexion of the big toe and fanning or splaying of other toes upon application of pressure to the anterior tibia stroking downward
    • Indicates: Upper motor neuron lesion of the lower extremity
21
Q

Tromner Reflex

A
  • Abnormal Response: Flexion of the fingers and thumb upon tapping palmar surface or tips of middle three fingers
    • Indicates: Upper motor neuron lesion of the upper extremity
22
Q

Oculocardiac Reflex

A
  • Response: Reduction in heart rate when examiner presses the eye
  • Afferent: Trigeminal Nerve V
  • Efferent: Vagus Nerve X
  • Integrating Center: Medulla
23
Q

Accommodation Reflex

A
  • Response: Convergence of the eyes with pupillary constriction
  • Afferent: Optic Nerve II
  • Efferent: Oculomotor Nerve III
  • Integrating Center: Occipital Cortex
24
Q

Ankle Clonus Reflex

A
  • Abnormal Response: Continued involuntary contraction (sustain plantar flexion) of foot upon quick focible dorsiflexion of the foot
    • Indicates: Upper motor neuron lesion of the lower extremity

7 - CLET Lab (28 decks)

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