Neurological Assessment Part 2 Flashcards
1
Q
Questions about the history of present illness for neurological assessment
A
- any numbness or tingling
- seizures
- headaches
- muscle weakness
- slurring of speech
2
Q
Tingling is common as we ? and in ?
A
age, diabetes
3
Q
seizure that is Due to high fever, can be corrected but some
prolong
A
infantile seizure
4
Q
Questions about past health history
A
- head injury with or without loss of consciousness
2 ever had meningitis, encephalitis, injury to the spinal cord, stroke? - of hypertension, stroke, Alzheimer’s?
5
Q
management for cranial bleeding where we put
hole in the skull to drain the excess blood
A
burr holing
6
Q
procedure to remove a part of skull due to tumor or too big
blood clump
A
craniotomy
7
Q
Questions about LIFESTYLE AND HEALTH PRACTICES
A
1.) Smoke
2.) Diet
3.) lifting heavy objects
8
Q
- disorder that causes decreased blood flow
to the fingers that causes the color to change.
A
Raynaud’s disease
9
Q
AKA thromboangiitis obliterans; affects
blood vessels in the body, most commonly in the arms and legs.
A
Buerger’s disease
10
Q
FIVE CATEGORIES IN NEUROLOGICAL EXAMINATION
A
- MENTAL STATUS
2.
11
Q
need to take note to the appearance of the patient for neurological assessment (4)
A
- Posture
- Body movements
- Dress
- Grooming and hygiene
12
Q
Restlessness - may be due to ? and ?
A
anxiety, hypothyroidism
13
Q
Level of consciousness (5)
A
Alert
Lethargic
Obtunded
Stuporous
Comatose
14
Q
Level of consciousness; Responds fully and appropriately to stimuli, Can answer to your questions properly and accurately
A
Alert
15
Q
indicator for stroke
A
F.A.S.T
16
Q
meaning of F.A.S.T
A
F- face
A- arms
S- Slurring of the speech
T- time
17
Q
Level of consciousness; Drowsy, responds to questions then fall asleep
● Example: Sa hapon inaantok antok ka na
A
lethargic
18
Q
Level of consciousness; Open eyes, responds slowly, confused ● When you ask questions, they do not answer you appropriately
A
obtunded
19
Q
Level of consciousness; Arouses from sleep only from painful stimuli
A
Stuporous
20
Q
Level of consciousness; Unarousable with eyes closed even with painful
stimuli
A
Comatose
21
Q
score for comatose
A
3-8
22
Q
score for generally comatose
A
7
23
Q
score for conscious; fully alert and functioning
A
15
24
Q
A sustained state of inner feeling
A
mood
25
cognitive functions; Person, place and time
orientation
26
cognitive functions; Ability to concentrate
attention span
27
cognitive functions; past events
Remote Memory
28
cognitive functions; 4 unrelated word test
New Learning
29
cognitive functions; Job plans, social family obligations and plans for the
Judgment
30
THOUGHT PROCESSES AND PERCEPTION; logical, coherent, and relevant
Thought Processes
31
THOUGHT PROCESSES AND PERCEPTION; ideas, beliefs, use of words
○ Hallucination
○ Ako si Superman or I’m the richest person in the world ○ May mga naririnig or nakikita ako
Thought Content
32
THOUGHT PROCESSES AND PERCEPTION; Awareness of reality
○ Aware kung mainit, may pamaypay ka
Perceptions
33
THOUGHT PROCESSES AND PERCEPTION; Do not disregard when someone tells you to end their life
Screen for suicidal thoughts
34
Provide information regarding transmission of motor and sensory messages (head and neck)
cranial nerves
35
For patient with cardiac problem, we do not want them to be ?
constipated
36
patient with cardiac problem, we do not want them to be constipinated
bc of vagus nerves which can lead to heart
attack
37
cranial nerve; Sense of smell
1 - Olfactory
38
cranial nerve; Vision Visual acuity, visual fields, ocular fundi, test for near vision
2 - optic
39
cranial nerve; Pupillary constriction, opening the eye and most extraocular movements
3 - oculomotor
40
cranial nerve; Downward, inward movement of the eye
4 - Trochlear
41
cranial nerve; Corneal reflexes, facial sensation, and jaw movements
5 - Trigeminal
42
trigeminal; Temporalandmasseter muscles (jaw clenching), lateral movement of the jaw
motor
43
trigeminal; Facial3divisions(1) Ophthalmic, (2) Maxillary, (3) Mandibular
sensory
44
cranial nerve; Lateral deviation of theeye
6 - Abducens
45
cranial nerve; Motor:Facial movements, facial expressions, closing the eye, closing the mouth
7 - Facial
46
cranial nerve; Hearing (cochlear division) & Balance (vestibular division)
8 - Vestibulocochlear
47
cranial nerve; Swallowing, rise of the palate, gag reflex
9 - Glossopharyngeal
48
Glossopharyngeal; Pharynx (motor or sensory)
motor
49
Glossopharyngeal; Posteriorportionsofthe
eardrum and ear canal, the pharynx, posterior tongue including taste (motor or sensory)
sensory
50
cranial nerve; Motor: Palate, pharynx, larynx - Sensory: Pharynx and larynx
10 - Vagus
51
cranial nerve; Shoulder and neck movements
11 - Accessory
52
cranial nerve; Sternocleidomastoidand
upper portion of the trapezius (motor or sensory)
motor
53
cranial nerve; Tongue symmetry and position
12 - Hypoglossal
54
cranial nerve; Hypoglossal - Tongue (sensory or motor)
motor
55
“absence of smell”
Anosmia
56
If it is ? (one nostril cannot smell) : Tumor on one side of the brain
unilateral
57
If it is ? (both nostril cannot smell): The patient may have colds
bilateral
58
impaired near vision
Presbyopia
59
test for Distant Vision
Snellen’s Chart
60
Nearsightedness
myopia
61
Farsightedness
hyperopia
62
Distance from the chart (eye test)
20 meters
63
Blindness starts at
200
64
Visual Fields by Confrontation; Inferior
70 degrees
65
Visual Fields by Confrontation; superior
50 degrees
66
Visual Fields by Confrontation; Temporal
90 degrees
67
Visual Fields by Confrontation; Nasal
60 degrees
68
Inspect margins of eyelids: Eyelid covers ? mm of iris
2
69
Weak eye muscles
phosis
70
test for Six cardinal fields
G method or wheel method
71
Follow objects within 5-8 cm of nose
Test for convergence
72
Rhythmic oscillation of the eyes; involuntary jerking movement of the eyes with quick and slow components
Nystagmus
73
Lack of muscle coordination
Strabismus
74
Double vision
Diplopia
75
Pupil inequality of <0.5 mm
Anisocoria
76
Pupillary constriction in the same eye
Direct light reflex
77
pupillary constriction in the opposite eye
Consensual light reflex
78
PERRLA MEANING
P-Pupil
● E-Equal
● R-Round
● R - Reactive to
● L-Lightand
● A - Accommodation
79
How fast the movement of the pupil is
BRISK
80
How slow the movement of the pupil is
SLUGGISH
81
Maybe due to tumor
DILATED
82
Small in size
PINPOINT
83
abnormal for trigeminal nerve; PNS or CNS dysfunction
bilateral
84
abnormal for trigeminal nerve; Lesion of CN V
unilateral
85
3 division of sensory division of trigeminal nerve 5
ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular
86
sensory function of trigeminal nerve lesion in the (3)
Trigeminal nerve, Spinothalamic tract, Posterior columns
87
corneal reflex lesion in the (2)
Trigeminal nerve, Motor part of CN VII
88
abnormal for facial nerve
Bell’s Palsy, Paralysis lower part of the face
89
Identify different flavors
sensory function
90
Reflex regulates the motor response
Corneal Reflex
91
test for VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR nerve
Weber’sTest
92
Evaluate conduction of sound waves through bones
Weber’sTest
93
Helps distinguish between conductive hearing and sensorineural hearing
Weber’s Test
94
sound waves transmitted by the external and middle ear
Conductive hearing
95
Sound waves transmitted by the
inner ear
Sensorineural hearing
96
Hangin. Kapag umiinom ng antibiotics, may something sa tenga
Tinnitus
97
Conduction hearing loss, Sensorineural hearing loss
Deafness
98
Compares air and bone conduction sound
RinnesTest
99
normal for rinnes test
Air conduction heard longer than bone conduction
100
BC> AC
Conductive hearing loss
101
AC > BC
Sensorineural hearing loss
102
Test the vestibular portion of the nerve
CaloricTest
103
Performed only when client is experiencing dizziness and
vertigo
Caloric Test
104
normal for CRANIAL NERVE IX AND X
soft palate rises, uvula remains in midline
105
abnormal for CRANIAL NERVE IX AND X
Soft palate does not rise- bilateral
○ Unilateral rising of soft palate and deviation of usual to the
normal side- unilateral lesion CN X
106
normal gag reflex
Intact gag reflex
■ Symmetrically diminished or absent in some normal
people
107
abnormal gag reflex
Risk for aspiration
108
Motor activity of pharynx
Swallow w/o difficulty
● Deafness
109
normal trapezius muscle
110
abnormal trapezius muscle
111
normal sternocleidomastoid muscle
Ease of movement
○ Wide range of movements
112
abnormal sternocleidomastoid muscle
Wide range of motion, Muscle weakness
○ Drooping of the shoulders
