Neurological Assessment Part 1 Flashcards
is neurological assessment subjective data or objective data
subjective data
When lack in ? , confusion sometimes occurs
oxygen
two divisions of the nervous system
Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
what body parts are included in the CNS
brain and spinal cord
Afferent divisions of PNS
sensory
division consists of several receptors coming from senses and internal environment
sensory
sensitive to changes in the diameter of the
blood vessels
Chemoreceptors and baroreceptors
sensitive to changes in pH levels
osmoreceptors
These receptors will receive different
stimuli from internal and external
environment and send signals to your
brain which considered to be the control
center
osmoreceptors
Fight or flight response
Sympathetic
Rest and digest
Parasympathetic
Basic unit of the nervous system
neurons
Responsible for sending impulses throughout your body
neurons
are made up of fats and mostly cover the axons
myelin sheaths
Transmission of impulses are much higher and faster from a ? compared to a demyelinated axon
myelinated axon
is a condition of a demyelinated axon.
Multiple Sclerosis
is there a specific reason why there is a demyelinated axon?
none/ idiopathic (no reason)
if the person has Multiple Sclerosis is the thinking capacity affected?
yes
why if a person has Multiple Sclerosis the thinking capacity is affected?
Kasi impulses ay nag-jujump sa Nodes of Ranvier thus making it faster by myelin sheath. Kapag demyelinated, mabagal ang transmission of impulses
regions of the brain (4)
Brain stem, Diencephalon, Cerebrum and
Cerebellum
part included in the brain stem (1)
medulla oblongata
Medulla oblongata is responsible for one’s
vitals like (2)
blood pressure and respiration
location of the medulla oblongata
nape/ baton
Are complex network of nuclei and neurons
Reticular Formation
This is the reason why bakit tayo nagigising due to our alarm clock sound. Our sleep-wake
cycle.
Reticular activating system:
Located between the brainstem and
cerebellum
diencephalon
parts of the diencephalon (3)
thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus
diencephalon; Relay centers
thalamus
Bago mapunta sa brain ang stimuli,
? will be the one to relay first to
have a true recognition whether that
sensation will be pleasant or unpleasant.
thalamus
diencephalon; Associated with the endocrine
system - where the pituitary glands
secretes hormones
hypothalamus
diencephalon; Temperature regulating center
thalamus
diencephalon; Considered to be the control center of the brain
thalamus
In babies, the hypothalamus is ?
therefore they have no recognition of an
environmental temperature and have a
risk of hypothermia. That is why we put
them in the chest of the mother, and
incubator.
immature
diencephalon; Responsible for the mood and
sleep cycle
epithalamus
diencephalon; Pineal body is located here
epithalamus
secretes melatonin
Pineal body
diencephalon; Responsible for inducing
sleep. Produced during nighttime.
melatonin
the mood becomes ? if there is many melatonin
light
Divided into lobes, named after the skull where they lie
cerebrum
parts of the cerebrum
Frontal lobe, Parietal lobe, temporal lobe, occipital lobe
area of cerebrum that is for language production
broca’s area
area of cerebrum that is for language comprehension
Wernicke’s area
cerebrum; Responsible for personality, judgment, abstract reasoning, social behavior and broca’s area (motor speech)
frontal lobe
cerebrum; Interprets sensations, size, shape,
distance, texture
parietal lobe
cerebrum; Interprets auditory stimuli, Wernicke’s area (sensory speech). That is why if it is affected, you will not be able to
understand the information what is
coming to you
Temporal lobe
cerebrum; Receives and interprets visual input
Occipital Lobe
Is responsible for smooth and coordinated body movements
Cerebellum
If a person is intoxicated by alcohol, it
affected the ? that is why they can’t
walk straight
cerebellum
one way to assess the cerebellum
Nose nose nose, eyes eyes eyes, ilong ilong
tenga
portion of spinal cords responsible for sensation
Posterior
portion of spinal cords responsible for sensation
Posterior
portion of spinal cord that is responsible for motor
anterior
If the motor is not damaged (anterior portion), there will still be no or have a response of motor activity if the posterior portion is damaged.
NO RESPONSE
If the motor is damaged, you will be able to feel/or not to feel something but you won’t/would be able to move
able to feel, won’t
how many are there spinal nerves in total?
31
how many cervical spinal nerves
8
how many thoracic spinal nerves
12
how many lumbar spinal nerves
5
how many sacral spinal nerves
5
how many coccygeal spinal nerves
1
In the brain, ?means it crosses.
dissociate
The ? of your brain innervates the right side of your body
left side
If cervical area is affected, the neck is probably at risk. In the spinal cord, it is a ?
tap down affectation.
are neurons repairable or not
no
is there a need na mag general anesthesia kapag minor surgery if kunwari lower extremity lang ang surgery
none
bakit hindi na need na mag general anesthesia kapag minor surgery if kunwari lower extremity lang ang surgery
Kapag kasi general anesthesia, pati yung lungs (thoracic) maapektuhan
block the transmission of impulses that is why we don’t feel anything
anesthesia
anesthesia affect is in the? para di magkaroon ng transmission ng impulses. They won’t allow the opening of the gates para walang stimuli
sodium and potassium pump
phrenic and cranial nerves come together to become
plexuses
nerve responsible for intervening our diaphragm for us to
breathe
phrenic
nerves that serve the cranium.
cranial nerves
the cranial nerves nerves affects all the head except this nerve
Vagus Nerve (Cranial Nerve 10)
nerve that extends beyond the cranium
Vagus Nerve (Cranial Nerve 10)
nerve that can also innervate our heart, when we are defecating
Vagus Nerve (Cranial Nerve 10)
We can test this nerve by allowing the patient to just smell something with their eyes closed
Olfactory nerve
We can test this nerve by Follow the finger when moving
Oculomotor nerve
