Neurological Flashcards

1
Q

What is intracranial regulation?

A

mechanisms that facilitate or impair neurologic function

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1
Q

Brain requires _______ ?

A

oxygenation

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2
Q

What systems are impacted by neurologic control?

A

Respiratory and cardiovascular systems

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3
Q

What are the structural divisions of the nervous system?

A
  • Central nervous system
  • Peripheral nervous system
  • Autonomic nervous system
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4
Q

What is the largest part of the brain?

A

cerebrum

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5
Q

Where is the primary motor cortex located?

A

Frontal lobe

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6
Q

Where is the Broca’s lobe located and what does it do?

A

Located in left frontal lobe and is involved in formulation of words

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7
Q

What does the frontal lobe control?

A
  • intellectual function
  • awareness of self
  • personality
  • autonomic responses related to emotion
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8
Q

What does the parietal lobe receive?

A

sensory input such as position, touch, shape, and texture of objects

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9
Q

Where is the primary auditory cortex?

A

temporal lobe

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10
Q

Where is the Wernicke’s area located and what is it responsible for?

A

located in left temporal lobe and is responsible for comprehension of spoken and written language

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11
Q

What does the temporal lobe interpret?

A

auditory, visual, and somatic sensory inputs that are stored in thought and memory

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12
Q

Where is the primary visual cortex located and what does it do?

A

located in the occipital lobe and receives and interprets visual information

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13
Q

What is the brainstem made of up?

A

midbrain, pons, and medullar oblongata

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14
Q

What does the midbrain do?

A

relay stimuli concerning muscle movement to other brain structures

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15
Q

What does the pons do?

A

relays impulses to brain centers and lower spinal nerves

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16
Q

What does the medulla oblongata contain and what does it do?

A

contains reflex centers for controlling involuntary movements functions such as breathing, sneezing, swallowing, coughing, vomiting, and vasoconstriction

17
Q

How many of the cranial nerves originate from brainstem?

A

10

18
Q

What are the functions of the cerebellum?

A
  • coordinating movement
  • equilibrium
  • muscle tone
  • proprioception
19
Q

How many cervical spinal nerves are there and what do they control?

A

8; controls diaphragm, chest wall muscles, arms, and shoulders

20
Q

How many thoracic spinal nerves are there and what do they control?

A

12; controls upper body and gastrointestinal function

21
Q

How many lumbar and sacral spinal nerves are there and what do they control?

A

5; controls lower body and bowel/bladder

22
Q

What is the sensory function of the olfactory nerve (I)

A

sensory: nose

23
Q

What is the sensory function of the optic nerve (II)

A

sensory: eye

24
Q

What is the motor function of the oculomotor nerve (III)

A

motor: all eye muscles except those supplied by trochlear and abducens cranial nerves

25
Q

What is the motor function of the trochlear nerve (IV)

A

motor: superior oblique muscle

26
Q

What is the sensory and motor function of the trigeminal nerve (V)

A

sensory: face, sinuses, teeth, etc.
motor: muscles of mastication

27
Q

What is the motor function of the abducens nerve (VI)

A

motor: external rectus muscle

28
Q

What is the motor function of the facial nerve (VII)

A

motor: muscles of the face

29
Q

What is the sensory function of the vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)

A

sensory: inner ear

30
Q

What is the sensory and motor function of the glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

A

sensory: posterior part of tongue, tonsil, and pharynx
motor: pharyngeal musculature

31
Q

What is the sensory and motor function of the vague nerve (X)

A

sensory: heart, lungs, bronchi, trachea, larynx, pharynx, gastrointestinal tract, and external ear
motor: heart, lungs, bronchi, and gastrointestinal tract

32
Q

What is the motor function of the accessory nerve (XI)

A

motor: sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

33
Q

What is the motor function of the hypoglossal nerve (XII)

A

motor: muscles of the tongue

34
Q

What does the autonomic nervous system regulate?

A

body’s internal environment in conjunction with endocrine system

35
Q

What is activated during stress (fight-or-flight response)?

A

sympathetic nervous system

36
Q

What controls vegetable functions (breed and feed) and is associated with conserving energy?

A

parasympathetic nervous system

37
Q

What is clonus?

A

repeated reflex muscular movements

38
Q

What is decorticate ?

A

abnormal flexion

39
Q

What is decerebrate?

A

abnormal extension