Neurologic System

Question 1

unrecognized, undiagnosed, and misdiagnosed as depression.
Is a MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Answer 1

Delirium

Question 2

priority in delirium

Answer 2

safety and communication

Question 3

A COMMON DISORDER, occurring in 50% of older persons admitted to acute care settings.

Answer 3

Delirium

Question 4

UNDERREPORTED (masked by dementia, by commorbidities, or stigma of aging)

Answer 4

Depression

Question 5

what are the symptoms of depression?

Answer 5

mood, interest, suicidal ideas, concentration, psychomotor agitation or retardation, appetite, guilt, fatigue or loss of energy.

Question 6

DSM-5: the individual must be experiencing five or more symptoms during the same 2-week period and at least one of the symptoms should be either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure.

Answer 6

Depression

Question 7

Neurocognitive disorder

Answer 7

Dementia

Question 8

An umbrella term for a number of neurological conditions, of which the major symptom is the decline in brain function due to physical changes in the brain.

Answer 8

Dementia

Question 9

it is distinct from mental illness

Answer 9

Dementia

Question 10

is the most common type of Dementia in the older persons

Answer 10

Alzheimer’s Disease

Question 11

symptom of Dementia:
Expressive/Receptive
- A-PH(F)ADING language of comprehension of speech.

Answer 11

Aphasia

Question 12

Symptoms of Dementia:
inability to carry out motor activities

Answer 12

Apraxia

Question 13

Symptoms of Dementia:
inability to recognize or identify objects despite intact sensory function

Answer 13

Agnosia

Question 14

symptoms of Dementia:
higher order decision making and planning
- S-O-A-P sequencing, ordering, abstract thinking and planning

Answer 14

Executive dysfunction

Question 15

the difference between minor and major neurocognitive disorder is based on the six cognitive domains: give the six

Answer 15

• perceptual-visual perception (praxis)
  -complex attention
  -Executive ability
  -learning and memory
  -language
  -social cognition

Question 16

types of dementia

Answer 16

-Alzheimer’s Disease ( most common)
-vascular dementia
-Lewy body disease
-fronto-temporal dementia

Question 17

neurologic system
ASSESSMENT TOOLS:
what is:
CAM
MMSE
C D T
GDS

Answer 17

CAM- Confusion Assessment Method (Delirium)

MMSE- Mini Mental Status Examination or Mini-Cog (Dementia)

C D T- Clock Drawing Test (Dementia) supplement to MMSE

GDS- Geriatric Depression Scale (Depression)

Question 18

give the 4 features of CAM- Confusion Assessment Method

Answer 18

f1: Acute Onset or Fluctuating Course
f2: Inattention
f3: Disorganized thinking
f4: Altered level of consciousness

Question 19

3 words + clock drawing test

Answer 19

MMSE- Mini Mental Status Examination or Mini-Cog

Question 20

assessment tool for depression

Answer 20

GDS- Geriatric Depression Scale (Depression)

Question 21

drawing test for dementia

Answer 21

C D T- Clock Drawing Test (Dementia) supplement to MMSE

Question 22

neurologic system
2 management

Answer 22

• Pharmacologic management
• Non-Pharmacologic management

Question 23

neurologic system management that START LOW, GO SLOW

Answer 23

Pharmacologic management

Question 24

neurologic system management that:
-CBT: Cognitive Behavior therapy
-communication, consistency
-SAFETY AND COMMUNICATION

Answer 24

Non-Pharmacologic management

Question 25

A chronic, progressive neurologic disorder

Answer 25

PARKINSON'S DISEASE (PD)

Question 26

Symptoms are caused by the loss of nerve cells in the pigmented substantial nigra pars compact and the locus coeruleus in the midbrain.

Answer 26

PARKINSON'S DISEASE (PD)

Question 27

present in the basal ganglia, brain stem, spinal cord, and sympathetic gangilia

Answer 27

PARKINSON'S DISEASE (PD) Lewy bodies

Question 28

considered an extrapyramidal syndrome: that involuntary twitching of the limbs or facial muscles

Answer 28

PARKINSON'S DISEASE (PD) chorea

Question 29

considered an extrapyramidal syndrome: involuntary muscle contractions forcing unusual or painful positions

Answer 29

PARKINSON'S DISEASE (PD) dystonia

Question 30

increases with AGE; more common in men and than women

Answer 30

PARKINSON'S DISEASE (PD)

Question 31

that has an unknown cause

Answer 31

PARKINSON'S DISEASE (PD)

Question 32

the loss of the dopaminergic cells situated deep in the midbrain in the substantia nigra

Answer 32

PARKINSON'S DISEASE (PD)

Question 33

early warning signs of PARKINSON'S DISEASE (PD)

Answer 33

-tremor -loss of smell -small handwriting -sleep problems -trouble moving -constipation -voice changes - masked face - dizziness - stooping

Question 34

what are the nursing care

Answer 34

- improve functional mobility -maintain independence in activities of daily living -achieve adequate bowel movement -attain and maintain acceptable nutritional status -achieve effective communication -develop positive coping mechanisms

Question 35

are significant public health are the second leading cause of accidental or unintentional injury deaths

Answer 35

FALL

Question 36

Environmental modifications are necessary to compensate for functional disabilities enlist assistance of an occupational therapist as indicated

Answer 36

SELF-CARE

Question 37

increase oral fluid intake and encourage to eat food with moderate fiber content -A raised toilet seat is useful, because the patient has difficulty in moving from a standing to a sitting position Establish a regular bowel routine

Answer 37

BOWEL ELIMINATION

Question 38

-promote swallowing and prevent aspiration by having patient sit in upright position during meals -provide semisolid diet with thick liquids that are easier

Answer 38

SWALLOWING AND NUTRITION

Question 39

QUESTION? A patient with PARKINSON'S DISEASE has a diagnosis of impaired physical mobility related to bradykinesia. Which action will the nurse include in the plan of care a. instruct the patient in activities that can be done while lying or sitting b. suggest that the patient rock from side to side to initiate leg movement c. have the patient take small steps in a straight line directly in front of the feet