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Geriatric Nursing > Neurologic System > Flashcards

Neurologic System Flashcards

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1
Q

unrecognized, undiagnosed, and misdiagnosed as depression.
Is a MEDICAL EMERGENCY

A

Delirium

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2
Q

priority in delirium

A

safety and communication

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3
Q

A COMMON DISORDER, occurring in 50% of older persons admitted to acute care settings.

A

Delirium

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4
Q

UNDERREPORTED (masked by dementia, by commorbidities, or stigma of aging)

A

Depression

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5
Q

what are the symptoms of depression?

A

mood, interest, suicidal ideas, concentration, psychomotor agitation or retardation, appetite, guilt, fatigue or loss of energy.

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6
Q

DSM-5: the individual must be experiencing five or more symptoms during the same 2-week period and at least one of the symptoms should be either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure.

A

Depression

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7
Q

Neurocognitive disorder

A

Dementia

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8
Q

An umbrella term for a number of neurological conditions, of which the major symptom is the decline in brain function due to physical changes in the brain.

A

Dementia

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9
Q

it is distinct from mental illness

A

Dementia

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10
Q

is the most common type of Dementia in the older persons

A

Alzheimer’s Disease

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11
Q

symptom of Dementia:
Expressive/Receptive
- A-PH(F)ADING language of comprehension of speech.

A

Aphasia

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12
Q

Symptoms of Dementia:
inability to carry out motor activities

A

Apraxia

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13
Q

Symptoms of Dementia:
inability to recognize or identify objects despite intact sensory function

A

Agnosia

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14
Q

symptoms of Dementia:
higher order decision making and planning
- S-O-A-P sequencing, ordering, abstract thinking and planning

A

Executive dysfunction

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15
Q

the difference between minor and major neurocognitive disorder is based on the six cognitive domains: give the six

A
  • perceptual-visual perception (praxis)
    -complex attention
    -Executive ability
    -learning and memory
    -language
    -social cognition
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16
Q

types of dementia

A

-Alzheimer’s Disease ( most common)
-vascular dementia
-Lewy body disease
-fronto-temporal dementia

17
Q

neurologic system
ASSESSMENT TOOLS:
what is:
CAM
MMSE
C D T
GDS

A

CAM- Confusion Assessment Method (Delirium)

MMSE- Mini Mental Status Examination or Mini-Cog (Dementia)

C D T- Clock Drawing Test (Dementia) supplement to MMSE

GDS- Geriatric Depression Scale (Depression)

18
Q

give the 4 features of CAM- Confusion Assessment Method

A

f1: Acute Onset or Fluctuating Course
f2: Inattention
f3: Disorganized thinking
f4: Altered level of consciousness

19
Q

3 words + clock drawing test

A

MMSE- Mini Mental Status Examination or Mini-Cog

20
Q

assessment tool for depression

A

GDS- Geriatric Depression Scale (Depression)

21
Q

drawing test for dementia

A

C D T- Clock Drawing Test (Dementia) supplement to MMSE

22
Q

neurologic system
2 management

A
  • Pharmacologic management
  • Non-Pharmacologic management
23
Q

neurologic system management that START LOW, GO SLOW

A

Pharmacologic management

24
Q

neurologic system management that:
-CBT: Cognitive Behavior therapy
-communication, consistency
-SAFETY AND COMMUNICATION

A

Non-Pharmacologic management

25
Q

A chronic, progressive neurologic disorder

A

PARKINSON’S DISEASE (PD)

26
Q

Symptoms are caused by the loss of nerve cells in the pigmented substantial nigra pars compact and the locus coeruleus in the midbrain.

A

PARKINSON’S DISEASE (PD)

27
Q

present in the basal ganglia, brain stem, spinal cord, and sympathetic gangilia

A

PARKINSON’S DISEASE (PD) Lewy bodies

28
Q

considered an extrapyramidal syndrome: that involuntary twitching of the limbs or facial muscles

A

PARKINSON’S DISEASE (PD) chorea

29
Q

considered an extrapyramidal syndrome: involuntary muscle contractions forcing unusual or painful positions

A

PARKINSON’S DISEASE (PD) dystonia

30
Q

increases with AGE; more common in men and than women

A

PARKINSON’S DISEASE (PD)

31
Q

that has an unknown cause

A

PARKINSON’S DISEASE (PD)

32
Q

the loss of the dopaminergic cells situated deep in the midbrain in the substantia nigra

A

PARKINSON’S DISEASE (PD)

33
Q

early warning signs of PARKINSON’S DISEASE (PD)

A

-tremor
-loss of smell
-small handwriting
-sleep problems
-trouble moving
-constipation
-voice changes
- masked face
- dizziness
- stooping

34
Q

what are the nursing care

A
  • improve functional mobility
    -maintain independence in activities of daily living
    -achieve adequate bowel movement
    -attain and maintain acceptable nutritional status
    -achieve effective communication
    -develop positive coping mechanisms
35
Q

are significant public health
are the second leading cause of accidental or unintentional injury deaths

A

FALL

36
Q

Environmental modifications are necessary to compensate for functional disabilities
enlist assistance of an occupational therapist as indicated

A

SELF-CARE

37
Q

increase oral fluid intake and encourage to eat food with moderate fiber content
-A raised toilet seat is useful, because the patient has difficulty in moving from a standing to a sitting position
Establish a regular bowel routine

A

BOWEL ELIMINATION

38
Q

-promote swallowing and prevent aspiration by having patient sit in upright position during meals
-provide semisolid diet with thick liquids that are easier

A

SWALLOWING AND NUTRITION

39
Q

QUESTION?
A patient with PARKINSON’S DISEASE has a diagnosis of impaired physical mobility related to bradykinesia. Which action will the nurse include in the plan of care

a. instruct the patient in activities that can be done while lying or sitting
b. suggest that the patient rock from side to side to initiate leg movement
c. have the patient take small steps in a straight line directly in front of the feet

A

Geriatric Nursing (6 decks)

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