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MEDSURG - 2 > NEUROLOGIC FUNCTION > Flashcards

NEUROLOGIC FUNCTION Flashcards

1
Q

nervous system consists of 2 major parts?

A

CNS & PNS

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2
Q

CNS including

A

brain and spinal cord

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3
Q

PNS involves

A

cranial nerves, spinal nerves and autonomic nervous system

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4
Q

funtion? to control…

A

motor
sensory
autonomic
cognitive
behavioral activities

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5
Q

basic functional unit of the brain is the

A

NEURON

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6
Q

neuron is composed of

A

dendrites
cell body
axon

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7
Q

branch type structures for receiving electrochemical messages

A

dendrites

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8
Q

long projection that carries electrical impulses away from the cell body

A

axon

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9
Q

nerve cell bodies occurring in clusters are called

A

ganglia or nuclei

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10
Q

a cluster of cell bodies w/ the same function is called

A

center

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11
Q

communicate message from one neuron to another or from a neuron to a target cell

A

neurotransmitters

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12
Q

neurotransmitters are manufactured and stored in

release in____

A

synaptic vesicles
synapse

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13
Q

major neurotransmitters

A

acetylcholine
serotonin
dopamine
norepinephrine
gamma-aminobutyric acid
enkephalin, endorphin

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14
Q

major transmitter of the parasympathetic NS system

A

acetylcholine

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15
Q

neurons in many areas of the brain; autonomic nervous system

A

acetylcholine

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16
Q

acetylcholine? excitatory or inhibitory

A

excitatory

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17
Q

NEUROTRANSMITTERS
type
helps control mood and sleep, inhibits pain pathways?

A

Inhibitory
Serotonin

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18
Q

NEUROTRANSMITTERS
brain stem, hypothalamus, dorsal horn of the spinal cord

A

Serotonin

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19
Q

NEUROTRANSMITTERS
neurons on the substantia nigra and basal ganglia

A

Dopamine

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20
Q

NEUROTRANSMITTERS

type
effects behavior (attention, emotions) and fine movement)

A

Inhibitory
Dopamine

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21
Q

major transmitter of the sympathetic nervous system

A

Norepinephrine

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22
Q

NEUROTRANSMITTERS

Type..
brain stem, hypothalamus, postganglionic neourons of the sympathetic NS

A

Excitatory
Norepinephrine

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23
Q

NEUROTRANSMITTERS

effects mood and overall activity

A

norepinephrine

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24
Q

NEUROTRANSMITTERS
type
nerve terminal of the spinal cord, cerebellum, basal ganglia, some cortisol areas

A

Inhibitory
Gamma-aminobutyric acid

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25
Q

NEUROTRANSMITTERS

nerves terminal in the spine, brain stem, thalamus, and hypothalamus, pituitary gland

A

Enkephalin, endorphin

26
Q

NEUROTRANSMITTERS

type….
pleasurable sensation, inhibits pain transmission

A

excitatory

enkephalin
endorphin

27
Q

2% of the total body
average young adult (1400g)
average older adult (1200g)

A

Brain

28
Q

brain dividef into 3 major organs

A

cerebrum
brain stem
cerebellum

29
Q

85% of the brain tissue largest and most developed part of the brain

A

cerebrum

30
Q

is the great longitudinal fissure that separates the cerebrum into the right and left hemisphere

A

cerebral hemisphere

31
Q

external or outer portion of the hemisphere

innermost layer

A

gray matter
white matter

32
Q

composed of 2 hemisphere

A

thalamus and hypothalamus

33
Q

cerebral hemispheres are divided into pairs of lobes

A

Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital

34
Q

largest lobe

A

frontal

35
Q

concentration, abstract thought, information storage, or memory and motor function

A

Frontal

36
Q

Broca Area - left hemisphere and us critical for motor control of speech

A

Frontal

37
Q

also responsible in large part for a person’s effect, judgment personality and inhibitions

A

frontal

38
Q

critical thinking
personality
motor activity

A

frontal

39
Q

analyzes sensory information to other cortical areas and is essential to a person’s awareness of body position in space, size and shape discrimination

A

parietal

40
Q

right lefr orientation

A

parietal

41
Q

discrimination of sensory impulses to pain, touch, pressure heat and cold

A

Parietal

42
Q

responsible for visual interpretation and memory

A

occipital

43
Q

contains the auditory receptive areas

A

temporal

44
Q

plays in memory of sound and understanding of language and music

A

temporal

45
Q

hearing and sound
short term memory

A

temporal

46
Q

thick collection of nerve fibers that connects the two hemisphere of the brain

responsible for the transmission of info from one side of the brain to the other

A

corpus callosum

47
Q

verbal, linguistic, arithmetic, calculation and analytical functions

A

cerebral dominance of the left side of the brain

48
Q

geometric, spatial, visual, pattern and musical functions

A

nondominant hemisphere

49
Q

integrates sensory information to provide smooth coordinated movement

control fine movement, balance and position (postural) sense or proprioception (awareness of positionof extremities w/o looking at them

A

cerebellum

50
Q

Function: Smell (sensory)

Key Role: Detects odors

A

Olfactory (I)

51
Q

Function: Vision (sensory)

Key Role: Transmits visual information.

A

Optic (II)

52
Q

Function: Eye movement, pupil constriction (motor)

Key Role: Controls most eye muscles, eyelid elevation, and pupil response.

A

Oculomotor (III)

53
Q

Function: Eye movement (motor)

Key Role: Controls the superior oblique muscle (downward and inward movement).

A

Trochlear (IV)

54
Q

Function: Facial sensation, chewing (mixed)

Key Role: Provides sensation to the face and controls jaw muscles.

A

Trigeminal (V)

55
Q

Function: Eye movement (motor)

Key Role: Controls the lateral rectus muscle (eye abduction).

A

Abducens (VI)

56
Q

Function: Facial expression, taste (mixed)

Key Role: Controls facial muscles, taste (anterior 2/3 of tongue), and some salivary glands.

A

Facial (VII)

57
Q

Function: Hearing, balance (sensory)

Key Role: Transmits sound and equilibrium information.

A

Vestibulocochlear (VIII)

58
Q

Function: Taste, swallowing (mixed)

Key Role: Taste (posterior 1/3 of tongue), salivation, and pharynx sensation.

A

Glossopharyngeal (IX)

59
Q

Function: Autonomic control, swallowing (mixed)

Key Role: Regulates heart rate, digestion, and respiratory functions; controls voice and swallowing muscles.

A

Vagus (X)

60
Q

Function: Neck and shoulder movement (motor)

Key Role: Controls sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles.

A

Accessory (XI)

61
Q

Function: Tongue movement (motor)

Key Role: Enables speech and swallowing.

A

Hypoglossal (XII)

MEDSURG - 2 (2 decks)

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