Neurolinguistics Flashcards
Localization
Different human abilities and behaviours are traceable to specific parts of the brain
Lateralization
Refers to any cognitive function that is primarily localized to one side of the brain or the other
Aphasia
An impairment of language function because of localized brain damage leading to difficulties in understanding/producing linguistic forms
Mild to severe
Broca’s aphasia production issues include…
Dysfluent effortful speech/no natural flow
Absence of function words and inflectional morphology
Disturbed word order
Short utterances, reduced quantity
Word-finding pauses
Relatively intact comprehension
Can understand what is going on and understand they are struggling
Wernicke’s aphasia comprehension problems…
Coinage
Absent comprehension with incoming and outgoing speech
Fluent effortless speech
Good intonation and pronunciation
Long utterances
Lexical errors
Tip of the tongue phenomenon
When the word is known but it eludes the speaker
Typically knows the phoneme and number of syllables in uncommon words and names
Malapropism
Near misses of words which sound similar but are not quite there
Unintended amusing results: fire distinguisher, growth splurt
Bathtub effect
The initial and final sound are recalled while the middle sound is elusive
Slips of the tongue
The interchangement of two sounds: you have hissed my lectures
Consonent deletion: garment - garmet
Consonent movement: bacon and eggs — acon and beggs
Spoonerism
When a sound is carried to the following word: «black bloxes»//«the most highly played (paid) player»
Slips of the ear
How the brain tries to make sense of the language it hears
Seen in Alzheimer’s patients
Dichotic listening
Evidence for lateralization (left and right brain processing)
Left hemisphere: analytic processing (smaller details of sounds and words)
Right hemisphere: holistic processing (identifying general structure of language)
«For all intense and purposes —> for all intensive purposes»
