Neuroleptics Flashcards
Used to treat the symptoms of psychosis such as delusions, hallucinations, seen in schizophrenia
Neuroleptics
Antipsychotic drugs work by ______
Blocking the neurotransmitter dopamine
Dopamine receptors are classified into subcategories
D1 to D5
Dopamine receptors that are associated with mental illness
D2, D3, D4
They are potent antagonist (blockers) of D2, D3, D4
Typical Antipsychotic Drugs
Major side effect of antipsyhotic drugs
Extrapyramidal Side Effects
Manifestation of Extrapyramidal Side Effects
Dystonia (acute muscle rigidity, stiff or thick tongue associated with dysphagia)
Pseudoparkinsonism (suffling gait, muscle weakness)
Akathisia (restless movement, pacing, inability to remain still)
Therapy for Neuroleptics
Lowering the dosage
Potentially fatal idiosyncratic reactions to an antipsychotic/neuroleptics drugs
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Symptoms of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
Rigidity
High fever
Autonomic instability (unstable BP, diaphoresis, pallor)
Delirium
Increase level of creatinine and phosphokinase
Treatment for Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
Immediatex discontinuance of the antipsychotic drugs
To give supportive medical care to treat symptom
Often occur with the use of antipsychotic and include orthostatic hypotension, dry mouth, constipation, urinary hesistance or retention
Anticholinergic Side Effect
Management for Anticholinergic Side Effect
Calorie-free beverages or hard candy for dry mouth
Stool softeners for constipation
Primarily used in the treatment of major depressive illness, anxiety disorder, the depressed phase of bipolar disorder and psychotic depression
Antidepressant Drugs
Two neurotransmitters that interact with Antidepressant that regulate mood, around attention, sensory, processing an appetite
Norephinephrine and Serotonin
