Neuroendocrinology Flashcards
Which 2 structures does the infundibulum (pituitary stalk) connect?
Hypothalamus and pituitary gland
What are 3 key nuclei of the hypothalamus?
Paraventricular
Supraoptic
Arcuate
Which 4 hormones does the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus release?
Oxytocin
ADH
CRH
TRH
Which 2 hormones does the supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus release?
Oxytocin
ADH
Which 3 hormones does the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus release?
Dopamine (prolactin-inhibiting hormone)
GnRH
GHRH
When dopamine is released from the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, what does it prevent the release of and from where?
Prevents the release of prolactin, from the anterior pituitary gland
Which type of neuron, located in the hypothalamus, secretes hormones that regulate hormone secretion from the anterior pituitary?
Parvocellular neurons
Which type of neuron extends between the hypothalamus and posterior pituitary?
Magnocellular neurons
The anterior pituitary is derived from which embryological tissue?
Primitive foregut / oral ectoderm (Rathke’s pouch)
The posterior pituitary is derived from which embryological tissue?
Neural ectoderm
How is the hypothalamus connected to the anterior pituitary, and what kind of connection is this?
Hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system
Vascular connection
How is the hypothalamus connected to the posterior pituitary, and what kind of connection is this?
Hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract
Neural connection
CRH, released by the hypothalamus, stimulates the release of which hormone from the anterior pituitary?
ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)
TRH, released by the hypothalamus, stimulates the release of which hormone from the anterior pituitary?
TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone)
GnRH, released by the hypothalamus, stimulates the release of which 2 hormones from the anterior pituitary?
LH (luteinising hormone)
FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)
GHRH, released by the hypothalamus, stimulates the release of which hormone from the anterior pituitary?
Growth hormone (somatotropin)
Which 2 hormones are secreted from the posterior pituitary?
Oxytocin
ADH
