Neurodiversity

Question 1

what causes neurodiversity

Answer 1

differences in our thinking are accounted for by differences in cultures or life experiences, everyones brains are uniquely wired/different nervous systems

Question 2

neurodivergent

Answer 2

people whose brains function differently to others in one or more different ways

Question 3

autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

Answer 3

a condition that affects how people think, feel and interact with others, and experience their exvironment. a lifelong disability that starts whe n a person is born and stays with them into old age, can be treated but not cured

Question 4

ASD signs and symptoms

Answer 4

poor communication and social skills, lacks ability to understand emotional and social cues, poor non-verbal communication skills and struggles to form and maintain relations

Question 5

lack of ability to understand emotional and social cues examples

Answer 5

struggling to hold a normal conversation, inability to responses to social interactions

Question 6

poor non-verbal communications skills examples

Answer 6

lack of eye contact/facial expressions, using wrong gestures or not understanding them

Question 7

struggle to form and maintain relationships examples

Answer 7

difficulty adjusting bahviours for different social contextx, struggling to make friends/short term friendships, lack of interest in peers

Question 8

theory of mind

Answer 8

a cognitiveability that allows us to make judgements about other peoples mental states

Question 9

Mary-Anne test

Answer 9

in 1985, this test was created by three reseaarchers to evaluate theory of mind in neurotypical children and neurodiverse children with ASD, the critical question of this assessment is the ‘belief’ question, only 20% of autistic children got it correct

Question 10

several studies have shown that individuals with ASD also have

Answer 10

an impaired theory of mind

Question 11

ADHD stands for

Answer 11

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Question 12

ADHD

Answer 12

an ongoing pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impusivity that interfers with functioning or development, it is frequentlu misunderstood and underdiaganosed

Question 13

three points of ADHD

Answer 13

inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity, they tend to be intensified in quiet environments

Question 14

inattention

Answer 14

a person may have difficulty staying on task, sustaining focus and staying organised, cluttered life/environment

Question 15

hyperactivity

Answer 15

a person may seem to move about constantly, excessively figets, taps or talks, including in situations when it is not appropriate

Question 16

impulsivity

Answer 16

a person acts without thinking or has difficulty with self control

Question 17

what are the requirements to be diagnosed with ADHD

Answer 17

1. needs to be excessive for the developmental age of the individual (exceeds beyond the typical) 2. needs to be present before the age of 12 (however research has contradicted this) 3. must have persisted for longer than 6 months 4. must include impairment across multiple settings

Question 18

impairment

Answer 18

abilities disrupted/ cannot cope or keeps up with the demands of the environment

Question 19

four cognitive variations in ADHD individuals

Answer 19

executive function, working memory, arousal and alertness, time estimation

Question 20

executive function

Answer 20

set of skills that allow us to execute control over our behaviour, including organising, prioritising, planning and activating taks, impairment of this is ADHD

Question 21

working memeory

Answer 21

allows us to process incoming sensory information, ADHD individuals can have difficulty dealing with visual and spatial information and/or processing auditory information

Question 22

arousal and alertness

Answer 22

ability to be vigilant and to sustain focus, ADHD children tend to be underalert or have problems with alterness

Question 23

time estimation

Answer 23

Individuals with ADHD show variations in how they estimate time, specifically they tend to overestumate even in very short time intervals