Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Question 1

(1) impairment in social interacting and communications and (2) restricted repetitive patterns of behaviors, interests, activities- 2 symptoms in category 2

Answer 1

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Question 2

The 3 main criteria in Criterion A in ASD

Answer 2

1. Deficits in social emotional reciprocity
2. Deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors
3. Deficits in developing, maintaining, and understanding relationships

Question 3

The specifier in Criterion A in ASD

Answer 3

severity is based on social communication impairments and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior

Question 4

Onset of ASD

Answer 4

early childhood

Question 5

Why Autism has Spectrum?

Answer 5

Variation in manifestation of the symptoms

Question 6

Example of repetitive motor movements in Criterion B in ASD

Answer 6

flapping hands
banging head against wall
finger flicking

Question 7

The term which an individual with ASD repeated the words of others

Answer 7

Echolalia

Question 8

Children with ASD engage in repetitive behaviors using some part of their body

Answer 8

Self stimulatory behaviors

Question 9

Genetic disorders that associated with cognitive impairment on children with ASD

Answer 9

Fragile x syndrome
PKU

Question 10

Great in size of Brain in children with

Answer 10

ASD

Question 11

what is it called to area of the brain where facial perception is less activated

Answer 11

Fusiform gyrus

Question 12

the severity of ASD depends on

Answer 12

IQ level

Question 13

Called to rare individuals with ASD who mastered 1 subject or filer to an extremely high level

Answer 13

Savants

Question 14

The symptoms are noticeable on children with ASD on aged

Answer 14

for atleast first 2 years of life

Question 15

a deficit in both intellectual and adaptive functioning in conceptual, practical and social domains

Answer 15

intellectual disability disorders

Question 16

formerly known as mental retardation

Answer 16

intellectual disability

Question 17

The domain which shows deficits in skills such as language, reading, writing, math, reasoning, knowledge, memory, and problem solving

Answer 17

Conceptual domain

Question 18

The domain which there is a difficulty in being aware of and understanding others experiences

Answer 18

Social domain

Question 19

The domain which show deficits in managing personal care

Answer 19

Practical domain

Question 20

How many criteria is there is IDD

Answer 20

3

Question 21

Criterials in IDD (3) must be

Answer 21

all met

Question 22

The law in US that replaces the term mental retardation in intellectual disability

Answer 22

Rosa’s Law

Question 23

What is the specifier for IDD?

Answer 23

the severity should be classified as mild, moderate, severe or profound on the basis of adaptive function (and not IQ alone) and the level of support required

Question 24

People with IDD have motor skills problems such as

Answer 24

eye hand coordination and balance

Question 25

Children and adults generally - have limitations in their ability to acquire typical academic or job related skills - immature in social interactions - overly concrete in their communications with others - limited social judgement - may be able to care for themselves reasonably - adults hold competitive jobs that don’t emphasize conceptual skills

Answer 25

Mild level of intellectual disability

Question 26

- children has delays in language development (using only 4-10 words at the age of 3) - physically clumsy - trouble in dressing and feeding them - can attain at least 2nd grade level but can acquire simple vocational skills - social interactions may be impaired by communication difficulties, and they may have poor judgement

Answer 26

Moderate level of intellectual disability

Question 27

- have very limited vocabulary and may speak in two- to three word sentences - children has deficits in motor development - cannot travel alone cannot shop or cook for themselves - they require support for all aspects of daily living

Answer 27

Severe intellectual disability

Question 28

- don’t develop conceptual skills - in social domain, they only understand simple concrete instructions and gestures - adults with this level of IDD is fully dependent on others -

Answer 28

Profound intellectual disability

Question 29

The IQ score of individuals with IDD

Answer 29

70 or lowerw

Question 30

To determine the level of severity in IDD, it is noted that ____ should be focused rather than on IQ itself

Answer 30

individuals level of adaptive functioning

Question 31

genetic in nature

Answer 31

IDD

Question 32

2 metabolic disorders that are genetically transmitted and cause intellectual disability

Answer 32

PKU (phenylketonuria) Tay-Sachs disease

Question 33

PKU in IDD is caused by

Answer 33

being carried by a recessive gene and occurs 1 in 20, 000 birhths

Question 34

Children with _____ are unable to metabolize phenylalanine.

Answer 34

PKU

Question 35

Best known causes of intellectual disability is

Answer 35

Down syndrome

Question 36

Down syndrome occurs due to when ____ is present in triplicate rather than duplicate

Answer 36

Chromosome 21

Question 37

Fragile x syndrome typically affects

Answer 37

Males

Question 38

IDD can be profoundly affected by the

Answer 38

Fetus prenatal environment

Question 39

Children whose mothers abuse alcohol during pregnancy is at risk of

Answer 39

Fetal alcohol syndrome

Question 40

It is not required for DSM- 5 diagnosis in intellectual disability disorder

Answer 40

full scale IQ below 70

Question 41

There is no general intellectual impairment in

Answer 41

Specific learning disorder and communication disorder

Question 42

False diagnosis of intellectual disability

Answer 42

The specifiers mild, moderate, severe, and profound are based on IQ scores

Question 43

Severity specifiers is included in diagnostic criteria of

Answer 43

IDD

Question 44

DSM 5 diagnosis in IDD does not require or is not a diagnostic feature of IDD

Answer 44

A full scale IQ of less than 70

Question 45

Gullibility is an important feature of

Answer 45

IDD

Question 46

Which of the following statements about adaptive functioning in the diagnosis of IDD is TRUE?

Answer 46

Adaptive functioning with IDD in childhood will typically continue to meet criteria in adulthood even if their adoptive functioning improves

Question 47

Which of the following statements about the developmental course of IDD is TRUE?

Answer 47

Major neurocognitive disorder may co-occur with IDD

Question 48

______ is categorized as a neurodevelopmental disorder and is distinct from the neurocognitive disorder, which are characterized by a loss of cognitive functioning

Answer 48

Intellectual disability

Question 49

The diagnosis of global developmental delay is reserved for individuals under the age of 5 years who fail to meet expected developmental milestones in several areas of intellectual functioning

Question 50

In Criterion B of Autism Spectrum Disorder, a person must met atleast ___

Answer 50

2 symptoms

Question 51

With or without dementia is not a specifier for

Answer 51

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Question 52

Most adolescent with autism disorder improves behaviorally; only a minority further deteriorates

Question 53

Austism spectrum disorder is not comorbid with

Answer 53

Selective mutism

Question 54

Criterion A list of symptoms to be met kn Specific Learning Disorder (atleast 1; persist for atleast 6 months)

Answer 54

1. Inaccurate or slow and effortful word reading 2. Difficulty understanding the meaning of what is read 3. Difficulty with spelling 4. Difficulties with written expression 5. Difficulties mastering number sense, number facts, or calculation 6. Difficulties with mathematical reasoning

Question 55

Criterion C of SLD wherein learning difficulties begin during

Answer 55

School age years

Question 56

Specifiers (3) in Specific Learning Disorder

Answer 56

With impairment in reading With impairment in written expression With impairment in mathematics

Question 57

Difficulty in reading is also referred known as_____ usually apparent in 4th graders

Answer 57

Dyslexia

Question 58

Dyslexia is most common in

Answer 58

Boys

Question 59

Children with _____ often struggle with low academic performance or have to put forth extraordinarily high levels of effort to achieve average grades

Answer 59

learning disorders

Question 60

The 4 criteria in criterion A must be met in

Answer 60

Selective Learning Disorder

Question 61

Difficulty to articulate and analyze words are associated with what part of brain structure on individuals with SLD?

Answer 61

Broca’s Areas (area in the inferior frontal gyrus?

Question 62

low activity in parietotemporal regions on individuals with SLD specified to

Answer 62

Dyslexia