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Abnormal Psychology > Neurodevelopmental Disorders > Flashcards

Neurodevelopmental Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

(1) impairment in social interacting and communications and (2) restricted repetitive patterns of behaviors, interests, activities- 2 symptoms in category 2

A

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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2
Q

The 3 main criteria in Criterion A in ASD

A
  1. Deficits in social emotional reciprocity
  2. Deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors
  3. Deficits in developing, maintaining, and understanding relationships
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3
Q

The specifier in Criterion A in ASD

A

severity is based on social communication impairments and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior

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4
Q

Onset of ASD

A

early childhood

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5
Q

Why Autism has Spectrum?

A

Variation in manifestation of the symptoms

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6
Q

Example of repetitive motor movements in Criterion B in ASD

A

flapping hands
banging head against wall
finger flicking

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7
Q

The term which an individual with ASD repeated the words of others

A

Echolalia

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8
Q

Children with ASD engage in repetitive behaviors using some part of their body

A

Self stimulatory behaviors

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9
Q

Genetic disorders that associated with cognitive impairment on children with ASD

A

Fragile x syndrome
PKU

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10
Q

Great in size of Brain in children with

A

ASD

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11
Q

what is it called to area of the brain where facial perception is less activated

A

Fusiform gyrus

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12
Q

the severity of ASD depends on

A

IQ level

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13
Q

Called to rare individuals with ASD who mastered 1 subject or filer to an extremely high level

A

Savants

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14
Q

The symptoms are noticeable on children with ASD on aged

A

for atleast first 2 years of life

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15
Q

a deficit in both intellectual and adaptive functioning in conceptual, practical and social domains

A

intellectual disability disorders

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16
Q

formerly known as mental retardation

A

intellectual disability

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17
Q

The domain which shows deficits in skills such as language, reading, writing, math, reasoning, knowledge, memory, and problem solving

A

Conceptual domain

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18
Q

The domain which there is a difficulty in being aware of and understanding others experiences

A

Social domain

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19
Q

The domain which show deficits in managing personal care

A

Practical domain

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20
Q

How many criteria is there is IDD

A

3

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21
Q

Criterials in IDD (3) must be

A

all met

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22
Q

The law in US that replaces the term mental retardation in intellectual disability

A

Rosa’s Law

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23
Q

What is the specifier for IDD?

A

the severity should be classified as mild, moderate, severe or profound on the basis of adaptive function (and not IQ alone) and the level of support required

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24
Q

People with IDD have motor skills problems such as

A

eye hand coordination and balance

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25
Q

Children and adults generally
- have limitations in their ability to acquire typical academic or job related skills
- immature in social interactions
- overly concrete in their communications with others
- limited social judgement
- may be able to care for themselves reasonably
- adults hold competitive jobs that don’t emphasize conceptual skills

A

Mild level of intellectual disability

26
Q
  • children has delays in language development (using only 4-10 words at the age of 3)
  • physically clumsy
  • trouble in dressing and feeding them
  • can attain at least 2nd grade level but can acquire simple vocational skills
  • social interactions may be impaired by communication difficulties, and they may have poor judgement
A

Moderate level of intellectual disability

27
Q
  • have very limited vocabulary and may speak in two- to three word sentences
  • children has deficits in motor development
  • cannot travel alone cannot shop or cook for themselves
  • they require support for all aspects of daily living
A

Severe intellectual disability

28
Q
  • don’t develop conceptual skills
  • in social domain, they only understand simple concrete instructions and gestures
  • ## adults with this level of IDD is fully dependent on others
A

Profound intellectual disability

29
Q

The IQ score of individuals with IDD

A

70 or lowerw

30
Q

To determine the level of severity in IDD, it is noted that ____ should be focused rather than on IQ itself

A

individuals level of adaptive functioning

31
Q

genetic in nature

A

IDD

32
Q

2 metabolic disorders that are genetically transmitted and cause intellectual disability

A

PKU (phenylketonuria)
Tay-Sachs disease

33
Q

PKU in IDD is caused by

A

being carried by a recessive gene and occurs 1 in 20, 000 birhths

34
Q

Children with _____ are unable to metabolize phenylalanine.

A

PKU

35
Q

Best known causes of intellectual disability is

A

Down syndrome

36
Q

Down syndrome occurs due to when ____ is present in triplicate rather than duplicate

A

Chromosome 21

37
Q

Fragile x syndrome typically affects

A

Males

38
Q

IDD can be profoundly affected by the

A

Fetus prenatal environment

39
Q

Children whose mothers abuse alcohol during pregnancy is at risk of

A

Fetal alcohol syndrome

40
Q

It is not required for DSM- 5 diagnosis in intellectual disability disorder

A

full scale IQ below 70

41
Q

There is no general intellectual impairment in

A

Specific learning disorder and communication disorder

42
Q

False diagnosis of intellectual disability

A

The specifiers mild, moderate, severe, and profound are based on IQ scores

43
Q

Severity specifiers is included in diagnostic criteria of

A

IDD

44
Q

DSM 5 diagnosis in IDD does not require or is not a diagnostic feature of IDD

A

A full scale IQ of less than 70

45
Q

Gullibility is an important feature of

A

IDD

46
Q

Which of the following statements about adaptive functioning in the diagnosis of IDD is TRUE?

A

Adaptive functioning with IDD in childhood will typically continue to meet criteria in adulthood even if their adoptive functioning improves

47
Q

Which of the following statements about the developmental course of IDD is TRUE?

A

Major neurocognitive disorder may co-occur with IDD

48
Q

______ is categorized as a neurodevelopmental disorder and is distinct from the neurocognitive disorder, which are characterized by a loss of cognitive functioning

A

Intellectual disability

49
Q

The diagnosis of global developmental delay is reserved for individuals under the age of 5 years who fail to meet expected developmental milestones in several areas of intellectual functioning

A
50
Q

In Criterion B of Autism Spectrum Disorder, a person must met atleast ___

A

2 symptoms

51
Q

With or without dementia is not a specifier for

A

Autism Spectrum Disorder

52
Q

Most adolescent with autism disorder improves behaviorally; only a minority further deteriorates

A
53
Q

Austism spectrum disorder is not comorbid with

A

Selective mutism

54
Q

Criterion A list of symptoms to be met kn Specific Learning Disorder
(atleast 1; persist for atleast 6 months)

A
  1. Inaccurate or slow and effortful word reading
  2. Difficulty understanding the meaning of what is read
  3. Difficulty with spelling
  4. Difficulties with written expression
  5. Difficulties mastering number sense, number facts, or calculation
  6. Difficulties with mathematical reasoning
55
Q

Criterion C of SLD wherein learning difficulties begin during

A

School age years

56
Q

Specifiers (3) in Specific Learning Disorder

A

With impairment in reading
With impairment in written expression
With impairment in mathematics

57
Q

Difficulty in reading is also referred known as_____ usually apparent in 4th graders

A

Dyslexia

58
Q

Dyslexia is most common in

A

Boys

59
Q

Children with _____ often struggle with low academic performance or have to put forth extraordinarily high levels of effort to achieve average grades

A

learning disorders

60
Q

The 4 criteria in criterion A must be met in

A

Selective Learning Disorder

61
Q

Difficulty to articulate and analyze words are associated with what part of brain structure on individuals with SLD?

A

Broca’s Areas (area in the inferior frontal gyrus?

62
Q

low activity in parietotemporal regions on individuals with SLD specified to

A

Dyslexia

Abnormal Psychology (4 decks)

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