Neurodevelopment Flashcards

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1
Q

Brain Development

A
  • fastest organ to reach adult size
  • 50% at 2yr
  • 70% at 4yr
  • 90% at 6yr
  • growth spurt - 3rd trimester to age 2
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2
Q

Neurons

A

transmits signals, needed for communication

  • myelination= production of myelin, 50% of brain volume, improves info transfer, produced very quickly up until age 2
  • synaptogenesis= formation of synapses bw neurons, stimulation imp. for development
    - pruning- removal of extras synapses to increases efficiency of neuron transmission
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3
Q

Cerebral Cortex

A

long development, 85% of brain wgt
*discontinuous - growth in spurts dues to what you should be learning at that age

ex: audition/vision ((1st yr), language area (2-3), frontal lobe (10-12)

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4
Q

Sensitive/Critical Period

A

*stimulation is vital in these periods or development will not occur

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5
Q

Kitten Study

A

*deprived from light 3-4 days= permanent visual problems
*deprived for week = blind for life
stimulation= development of visual centers

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6
Q

Rat study

A

rats in enriched vs impoverished environments

*impoverished=decreases brain size

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7
Q

Orphanage Study

A

*longer kids spent in orphanage, higher likelihood of cognitive impairment and more severe
0-6 -little impairment
6-24- more impairment
2-4 yrs- highest impairment

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8
Q

experience-expectant brain growth

A
  • experience happens in accordance for what brain expects to happen at that period
  • light, ability to touch and see, explore environment
  • *NORMAL STIMULATION
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9
Q

Experience-dependent brain growth

A
  • brain develops in accordance to one’s own personal experiences
    • have certain neural strengths based off what you spend time on
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10
Q

Stimulation

A

Too much or too little stimulation to infant can lead to sub-optimal development

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